Bufotenine N-Oxide
Contents
- 1 Brief overview - What is Bufotenine N-Oxide?
- 2 Chemical and physical properties
- 3 Effects
- 4 Pharmacology, toxicity and general safety
- 5 Plants containing Bufotenine N-Oxide
- 6 Extraction teks
- 7 Dosages and consumption methods
- 8 History of usage
- 9 Analysis of Bufotenine N-Oxide
- 10 Scientific publications
- 11 Other links of interest
Brief overview - What is Bufotenine N-Oxide?
Bufotenine N-Oxide is the oxidation product of Bufotenine. Oxidation can occur naturally (extended exposure to air) or artificially (by using Hydrogen Peroxide). The rate at which oxidation naturally occurs is unknown. Bufotenine N-oxide can be converted back to it's parent compound by dissolving in acetic acid solution, adding excess zinc, mixing for a couple of hours, filtering, adding a base and re-extracting.
Chemical and physical properties
Effects
Probably active but no publications found thus far.
Pharmacology, toxicity and general safety
Probably active but no publications found thus far.
Plants containing Bufotenine N-Oxide
Amanita spp.
- (low concentration) Tyler & Groger 1964 (German specimens) Identified chromatographically.
- Stijve 1979 (Minor alkaloid)
- (low concentration) Tyler & Groger 1964 (German specimens) Identified chromatographically.
Anadenanthera spp.
- "epena" snuff prepared, by the Ma-hekodo-teri of
the Rio Mavaca, from seeds. Bufotenine-N-oxide [Accompanied by Bufotenine, DMT & DMT-N-oxide] Marini-Bettolo et al. 1964
- Yanomamo snuff prepared from Piptadenia peregrina. Marini-Bettolo et al. 1964
- var. cebil Bufotenine N-Oxide In seeds. Iacobucc i & R\1vcda 1964
- var. cebil Present in seeds. Not detected in pods: Fish et al. 1955. Material from Florida and Brazil were used.
- In seeds. Iacobucci & Ruveda 1964
Anadenanthera excelsa (as Piptadenia)
- In seeds. Lower concentration than P. macrocarpa. Iacobucci & Ruveda 1964
Anadenanthera peregrina (As Piptadenia peregrina)
- Present in seeds. Not detected in pods: Fish et al. 1955. (Material from both Puerto Rico and Brazil)
- Minor alkaloid in seeds. (Haiti) Paris et al. 1967
Desmodium spp.
- Minor root alkaloid [0.03%; 496 mg from 1.6 kg]
- Minor stem alkaloid [0.004%; 447 mg from 10.75 kg of stems.] Ueno et al. 1978
- Stem and leaf of mature plant. [Trace]
- Root of mature plant. [Trace) Ghosal et al. 1972c
Virola spp.
- The listing of this compound in this species appears
to be in error. We suspect that it stems from Holmstedt 's analysis of Epena snuff claimed to have originated from Virola. Holmstedt ran Bufotenine-N-oxide as a reference material only.
Extraction teks
Dosages and consumption methods
History of usage
Analysis of Bufotenine N-Oxide
Scientific publications
Other links of interest
