Acacia phlebophylla
Contents
General Plant Info
Acacia phlebophylla, a type of acacia also known by the names Buffalo Sallow Wattle and Mountain Buffalo Wattle, is a straggling shrub to small, twisted tree reaching up to 5 m in height. It is a close relative of Acacia alpina.[1]
Highly restricted range, one location, endangered. Should only be cultivated.
Geographic distribution
Only known from the high altitude granite slopes of Mount Buffalo National Park, Victoria, Australia, where it occurs above 350 meters in woodlands and heathlands often amongst granite boulders.
Identification
It has large, elliptic, flat, commonly asymmetrical phyllodes 4–14 cm long, 1.5–6 cm wide, with coarse veins, a leathery feel, prominent nerves and reticulated veins. Deep yellow rod-like flowers appear in spring (June–December in Australia), widely scattered on spikes 4–7 cm long, followed by 7–10 cm long legumes in November–March, narrow, straight or slightly curved, releasing 5-10 elliptical seeds, 5-7.5 mm long. Solitary or twinned spikes, to 6 cm long.
Alkaloid content
N,N-Dimethyltryptamine, N-methyltryptamine and other N-methylated tryptamines are found in the bark[2]
0.3% DMT in leaf, NMT[3]
This is one of the purest natural sources of DMT, which occurs as the predominant alkaloid throughout the plant. However due to conservation issues this species is not considered a viable source of tryptamines, as outlined below. A much more common species such as Acacia obtusifolia, should be researched instead.
Recent reports on regrowth after the 2006 bushfires indicates that the phyllodes of young plants have little to no dimethyltryptamine content. This is presumed to be due to the young age of the plants versus the old growth that stood before the fire.
Extraction
DONT extract from live plant, plant under threat. Phyllodes that have been shed remain active for very long, only harvest from phyllodes that are on the ground.
Other uses
Cultivation
This species does not like growing anywhere other than its natural habitat. It has been transplanted to other alpine regions, similar climates and entirely different habitats - all without success. Growth is vigorous in the first 2 years, then slows in the third year, after which the plant usually dies within a few months. Grafting onto the closely related Acacia maidenii is also unsuccessful. The plants on Mt Buffalo are largely affected by galling. This appears to be the result of a parasitic insect, apparently itself an endangered species. As a secondary infection there also appears to be a fungus promoting the galls. As Mt Buffalo has suffered under drought for the years 1998 to 2002, most plants have suffered greatly. Moving from one plant to another, especially if touching or 'taking samples' may promote the distribution of the disease and may cause more damage. Some areas are quite obviously more affected than others.
Conservation
- Care must be taken with this species as it consists of one population or metapopulation which has been ravaged over the years by bush fires and fungal infections. Acacia phlebophylla is listed as rare and threatened by the Victoria Department of Sustainability and Environment. There is significant concern for the viability of this population, particularly with the threat of fungal pathogens and other disturbances. (A particular species of local wasp may be associated with the transmission of this fungal pathogen.)
- Looking/walking amongst them from stand to stand has been strongly advised against, due to the risk of spreading the fungal pathogen which at the moment is their greatest threat.
- Though there are many accounts of bountiful regrowth, this species should not be used for the extraction of drugs for conservation reasons. Attempts at ex-situ cultivation have been mostly unsuccessful and have usually resulted in plants dying at 3 years. If cultivation is successful, it is important that plants are allowed to mature and produce seeds for eventual rehabilitation rather than used for tryptamine production.
- Healthy plants exist in private gardens near Gatton, Qld, as well as in Ireland, indicating the plant is not as recalcitrant in cultivation or restricted to its alpine environment as was once thought.
Suppliers
If you would like to purchase seeds of this species from Tryptamind please send an email, indicating the number you would like, to: steve@digemail.com
Links
http://www.tryptamind.com/acacia_phlebophylla.html
References
- ↑ World Wide Wattle
- ↑ Photochemistry of Acacia, Dept of Plant Biology, University of Illinois
- ↑ Rovelli & Vaughan 1967 ref Trout's Notes
