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| | Some product may contain undesirable active or inactive impurities with solubility properties differing greatly from the more desirable components. | | Some product may contain undesirable active or inactive impurities with solubility properties differing greatly from the more desirable components. |
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| − | {{Procedure|Washing Fumarate Spice of Fumaric Acid and Residual Solvent Using Water<ref>[[FASA Alteration of Final Purification]]</ref>| | + | {{:Purification of Spice Fumarate Product}} |
| − | # Add a small amount of water in slight excess of completely submerging the product.
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| − | # Stir mixture to dissolve the active fumarate component.
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| − | # Decant solution off, leaving solids behind.
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| − | # Repeat process until no more color change is observed in the solution, but perform once more with a minimal amount of water for good measure.
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| − | #* ''the solids remaining should be mainly composed of the excess fumaric acid from the starting material.''
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| − | # Evaporate the solution with or without heat and airflow to achieve purified crystalline fumarate product.
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| − | #* ''reduction of the solution by heat and airflow is generally always beneficial, but slow evaporation in the later stages may result in a more uniform and attractive crystalline product.''
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| − | }} | + | |
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| | ===== Reference ===== | | ===== Reference ===== |
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| | {{Page_Footer|Enhancement Tek|DMT}} | | {{Page_Footer|Enhancement Tek|DMT}} |
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Revision as of 19:10, 27 January 2010
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Note: | This page has been transcluded to The Nexian DMT Handbook under the Washing Spice section or other locations within or without the handbook. Please markup in consideration of this. The top section header is to remain in place as a reference for subsequent section headers and to allow easy editing directly from the handbook. |
Washing Spice
The purpose of washing is to disperse impurities off of the product or out of a solution containing the product and into an intermediate solvent.
Alkaline Solution Washing of Impurities
Most of the impurities that plague yields tend to be quite soluble in both alkaline aqueous solutions and non-polar solvents. To remove these impurities, an imbalance in equilibrium must be created between these two types of solutions, causing the impurities to disperse into a disposable solution from the solution containing the product. This procedure is commonly used for purifying product from extractions that utilize naphtha or heptane to obtain a whiter product.
| Washing Spice of Oxidization and Inactive Impurities Using Alkaline Solution[1] |
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- Saturate a solution of warm water with a weak base such as sodium bicarbonate (baking soda) or sodium carbonate (washing soda) to render an alkaline solution.
- Dissolve product in an NPS of preference.
- Add alkaline solution to the NPS at a ratio of about 1:4 and mix thoroughly.
- Remove and collect the top NPS layer, and proceed to recrystallization procedure of preference.
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Solvent Washing and Isolation of Impurities
Some product may contain undesirable active or inactive impurities with solubility properties differing greatly from the more desirable components.
| Purification of Spice Fumarate Product[2] |
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| NOTE |
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This procedure is generally performed to remove excess fumaric acid based on it's low solubility in water and to remove residual solvent by dispersing it and allowing it to evaporate more easily and completely. The resulting product is considered to be the most appropriately purified form for oral administration.
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- Add a small amount of water in slight excess of completely submerging the product.
- Stir mixture to dissolve the active fumarate component.
- Decant solution off, leaving solids behind.
- Repeat process until no more color change is observed in the solution, but perform once more with a minimal amount of water for good measure.
- the solids remaining should be mainly composed of the excess fumaric acid from the starting material.
- Evaporate the solution with or without heat and airflow to achieve purified crystalline fumarate product.
- reduction of the solution by heat and airflow is generally always beneficial, but slow evaporation in the later stages may result in a more uniform and attractive crystalline product.
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Reference
- ↑ Acolon 5's Spice Washing Tek
- ↑ FASA Alteration of Final Purification
