Difference between revisions of "Mimosa hostilis"
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To date no β-carbolines such as harmala alkaloids have been detected in ''Mimosa tenuiflora'' decoctions, however the isolation of a new compound called "Yuremamine" from ''Mimosa tenuiflora'' as reported in 2005 represents a new class of phyto-indoles <ref>Vepsäläinen, Jouko J.; Auriola, Seppo; Tukiainen, Mikko; Ropponen, Nina & Callaway, J.C. (2005). "Isolation and characterization of yuremamine, a new phytoindole". Planta Medica, 71: 1053-1057. URL: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16320208</ref>. This may explain the reported oral activity of DMT in Jurema without the addition of an MAOI. Imported MHRB typically requires the addition of an MAOI in the preparation of ayahuasca. | To date no β-carbolines such as harmala alkaloids have been detected in ''Mimosa tenuiflora'' decoctions, however the isolation of a new compound called "Yuremamine" from ''Mimosa tenuiflora'' as reported in 2005 represents a new class of phyto-indoles <ref>Vepsäläinen, Jouko J.; Auriola, Seppo; Tukiainen, Mikko; Ropponen, Nina & Callaway, J.C. (2005). "Isolation and characterization of yuremamine, a new phytoindole". Planta Medica, 71: 1053-1057. URL: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16320208</ref>. This may explain the reported oral activity of DMT in Jurema without the addition of an MAOI. Imported MHRB typically requires the addition of an MAOI in the preparation of ayahuasca. | ||
| − | + | ||
| + | == Refinery for the Purpose of Extraction == | ||
[[MHRB|Mimosa Hostilis Root Bark]] can be acquired in different stages of preparation. Usually it is sold as ''whole'', ''shredded'' or ''pre-powdered'' root-bark, but one may have access to the whole root—usually when harvested directly. | [[MHRB|Mimosa Hostilis Root Bark]] can be acquired in different stages of preparation. Usually it is sold as ''whole'', ''shredded'' or ''pre-powdered'' root-bark, but one may have access to the whole root—usually when harvested directly. | ||
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Since each stage denotes a successively more refined preparation, the following will detail the entire process of refinery. One need only follow the procedure from its characteristic stage of refinery through to the desired stage for extraction. | Since each stage denotes a successively more refined preparation, the following will detail the entire process of refinery. One need only follow the procedure from its characteristic stage of refinery through to the desired stage for extraction. | ||
| − | + | === The Root === | |
| − | + | ||
| − | { | + | {{ShowInfo|[[Image:Note_error.png]]|'''Note:'''|Only the '''Inner Root Bark''' is necessary for extraction, the ''core'' and ''outer parts'' are to be discarded!}} |
| − | | [[ | + | |
| − | | | + | |
| − | | | + | {{Procedure |
| + | |Root preparation | ||
| + | | | ||
Pictured below is its original after being harvested from the plant. Notice the middle core is quite distinct from the root-bark, the outer bark is much more brown: | Pictured below is its original after being harvested from the plant. Notice the middle core is quite distinct from the root-bark, the outer bark is much more brown: | ||
| − | + | <table> | |
| − | + | <tr> | |
| − | + | <td>[[Image:MHR.jpg|thumb|center|300px]]</td> | |
| − | + | <td>[[Image:Dsc0138largehu6.jpg|thumb|center|300px]]</td> | |
| − | + | </tr> | |
| − | + | <tr> | |
| − | + | <td>[[Image:Dsc0158largeux3.jpg|thumb|center|300px]]</td> | |
| + | <td>[[Image:Dsc0136largedg2.jpg|thumb|center|300px]]</td> | ||
| + | </tr> | ||
| + | </table> | ||
| + | }} | ||
| − | + | === Cleaning the root === | |
| − | + | ||
| + | {{Procedure | ||
| + | |Cleaning The Root | ||
| + | | | ||
The first step in refinery is to brush the outside to remove the dirt. Then the outer bark must be lightly scraped with a good knife. It is preferable to remove at least some of the outermost layer to uncover the more blackish and purplish layer underneath: | The first step in refinery is to brush the outside to remove the dirt. Then the outer bark must be lightly scraped with a good knife. It is preferable to remove at least some of the outermost layer to uncover the more blackish and purplish layer underneath: | ||
| − | + | <table> | |
| − | + | <tr> | |
| − | + | <td>[[Image:Dsc0145largemx8.jpg|thumb|center|300px]]</td> | |
| − | + | <td>[[Image:Dsc0126largevu7.jpg|thumb|center|300px]]</td> | |
| − | + | </tr> | |
| − | + | <tr> | |
| + | <td>[[Image:Dsc0125largegc6.jpg|thumb|center|300px]]</td> | ||
| + | <td></td> | ||
| + | </tr> | ||
| + | </table> | ||
| + | }} | ||
| − | + | === Peeling the Inner Root Bark === | |
| − | + | ||
| − | Once the outermost part has been removed, peel off the Inner Root Bark to separate it from the core. This can easily be accomplished immediately by hand, though the use of a knife may be helpful. | + | {{Procedure |
| − | + | |Peeling the Inner Root Bark | |
| − | + | | | |
| − | + | Once the outermost part has been removed, peel off the Inner Root Bark to separate it from the core. This can easily be accomplished immediately by hand, though the use of a knife may be helpful. | |
| − | + | <table> | |
| − | + | <tr> | |
| − | + | <td>[[Image:Dsc0128largeys9.jpg|thumb|center|300px]]</td> | |
| − | |} | + | <td>[[Image:Dsc0130largezp0.jpg|thumb|center|300px]]</td> |
| + | </tr> | ||
| + | <tr> | ||
| + | <td>[[Image:Dsc0149largewh7.jpg|thumb|center|300px]]</td> | ||
| + | <td>[[Image:Dsc0147largeuc0.jpg|thumb|center|300px]]</td> | ||
| + | </tr> | ||
| + | </table> | ||
| + | Here's the inner core which is to be discarded: | ||
| + | <table> | ||
| + | <tr> | ||
| + | <td>[[Image:Dsc0133largera8.jpg|thumb|center|300px]]</td> | ||
| + | </tr> | ||
| + | </table> | ||
| + | }} | ||
| − | + | === Result of root preparation === | |
| − | + | ||
| − | + | ||
| − | + | ||
| − | + | ||
| − | + | ||
| − | + | ||
| + | {{Procedure | ||
| + | |Result of root preparation | ||
| + | | | ||
The peeled inner root-bark now needs to dry. This may be accomplished by simply leaving it in the sun. Here's how it should look: | The peeled inner root-bark now needs to dry. This may be accomplished by simply leaving it in the sun. Here's how it should look: | ||
| − | + | <table> | |
| − | + | <tr> | |
| − | + | <td>[[Image:Dsc0160largehd1.jpg|thumb|center|300px]]</td> | |
| − | + | <td>[[Image:Dsc0150largesq4.jpg|thumb|center|300px]]</td> | |
| + | </tr> | ||
| + | </table> | ||
| + | }} | ||
| − | + | === Breaking the rootbark up === | |
| − | + | ||
| + | {{Procedure | ||
| + | |Breaking the rootbark up | ||
| + | | | ||
The pieces/strips of inner root-bark require further refinery to expose a larger surface area and increase the availability of the alkaloids for extraction. If storage is desired, then the whole pieces are preferable, as the alkaloids are less exposed and thus better protected. | The pieces/strips of inner root-bark require further refinery to expose a larger surface area and increase the availability of the alkaloids for extraction. If storage is desired, then the whole pieces are preferable, as the alkaloids are less exposed and thus better protected. | ||
First strip the pieces further into thinner layers.... | First strip the pieces further into thinner layers.... | ||
| + | }} | ||
| − | + | == References == | |
| − | + | ||
| − | + | ||
<references/> | <references/> | ||
| − | + | == Links == | |
* [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mimosa_hostilis Mimosa Hostilis on Wikipedia] | * [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mimosa_hostilis Mimosa Hostilis on Wikipedia] | ||
[[Category:Botanics]] | [[Category:Botanics]] | ||
Revision as of 23:07, 17 March 2009
Mimosa hostilis is the former scientific name for Mimosa tenuiflora, and the two names are synonymous [1][2]. The older name is still widely know due to its presence in the literature and as distributers of botanical products still use the older term. M. tenuiflora is an entheogen known as Jurema, Jurema Preta, Black Jurema, and Vinho de Jurema. Dried Mexican Mimosa Hostilis root bark has been recently shown to have a DMT content of about 1%. The stem bark has about 0.03% DMT.
To date no β-carbolines such as harmala alkaloids have been detected in Mimosa tenuiflora decoctions, however the isolation of a new compound called "Yuremamine" from Mimosa tenuiflora as reported in 2005 represents a new class of phyto-indoles [3]. This may explain the reported oral activity of DMT in Jurema without the addition of an MAOI. Imported MHRB typically requires the addition of an MAOI in the preparation of ayahuasca.
Contents
Refinery for the Purpose of Extraction
Mimosa Hostilis Root Bark can be acquired in different stages of preparation. Usually it is sold as whole, shredded or pre-powdered root-bark, but one may have access to the whole root—usually when harvested directly.
- The whole root must cleaned and stripped of its inner root-bark while discarding the rest of the root.
- The whole root-bark must generally be torn by hand, cut, or smashed with a blunt object prior to shredding.
- The shredded can only be used "as-is" if the pieces are small enough.
- If the pieces are too big, the alkaloids will not be as readily exposed for extraction.
- The pre-powdered can always be used "as-is".
Since each stage denotes a successively more refined preparation, the following will detail the entire process of refinery. One need only follow the procedure from its characteristic stage of refinery through to the desired stage for extraction.
The Root
 |
Note: | Only the Inner Root Bark is necessary for extraction, the core and outer parts are to be discarded! |
| Root preparation |  |
|||
|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Pictured below is its original after being harvested from the plant. Notice the middle core is quite distinct from the root-bark, the outer bark is much more brown:
|
Cleaning the root
| Cleaning The Root | |
|||
|---|---|---|---|---|
|
The first step in refinery is to brush the outside to remove the dirt. Then the outer bark must be lightly scraped with a good knife. It is preferable to remove at least some of the outermost layer to uncover the more blackish and purplish layer underneath:
|
Peeling the Inner Root Bark
| Peeling the Inner Root Bark | |
||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Once the outermost part has been removed, peel off the Inner Root Bark to separate it from the core. This can easily be accomplished immediately by hand, though the use of a knife may be helpful.
Here's the inner core which is to be discarded:
|
Result of root preparation
| Result of root preparation | |
|
|---|---|---|
|
The peeled inner root-bark now needs to dry. This may be accomplished by simply leaving it in the sun. Here's how it should look:
|
Breaking the rootbark up
| Breaking the rootbark up | |
|---|---|
|
The pieces/strips of inner root-bark require further refinery to expose a larger surface area and increase the availability of the alkaloids for extraction. If storage is desired, then the whole pieces are preferable, as the alkaloids are less exposed and thus better protected. First strip the pieces further into thinner layers.... |
References
- ↑ USDA, ARS, National Genetic Resources Program. Germplasm Resources Information Network - (GRIN) [Online Database]. National Germplasm Resources Laboratory, Beltsville, Maryland. URL: http://www.ars-grin.gov/cgi-bin/npgs/html/taxon.pl?24430
- ↑ Lewis, G.P. (1987) Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew 369 pp Legumes of Bahia.
- ↑ Vepsäläinen, Jouko J.; Auriola, Seppo; Tukiainen, Mikko; Ropponen, Nina & Callaway, J.C. (2005). "Isolation and characterization of yuremamine, a new phytoindole". Planta Medica, 71: 1053-1057. URL: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16320208
