Hordenine - Revision history

Historian: /* Natural sources of hordenine */

2024-05-29T15:49:40Z

‎Natural sources of hordenine

2024-05-29T15:47:53Z

‎Phalaris spp.

2024-05-29T15:47:16Z

‎Natural sources of hordenine

2024-05-29T15:45:56Z

‎Natural sources of hordenine

2024-05-29T15:45:09Z

‎Echinocereus spp

2024-05-29T15:44:54Z

‎Echinocereus spp

2024-05-29T15:44:29Z

‎Echinocereus spp

2024-05-29T15:43:56Z

‎Echinocereus spp

2024-05-29T15:43:38Z

‎Echinocereus spp

2024-05-29T15:43:19Z

‎Echinocereus spp

← Older revision		Revision as of 15:49, 29 May 2024
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	* Un-sprouted barley contains no hordenine, but it appears following germination. During the four days immediately after germination, the hordenine content was highest, and decreased as the embryo grew older, so that after 25 days no hordenine was present (Torquati 1911). Both hordenine and gramine are biosynthesized in barley malt during germination (Mangino and Scanlan, 1984). Ten grams of fresh barley rootlets upon extraction with dilute sulfuric acid and clean-up, yielded 1.2 mg of pure hordenine (Raout 1934). The major source of hordenine consumption in humans is from beer brewed from barley (Singh et al, 1992). ref Shulgin Index		* Un-sprouted barley contains no hordenine, but it appears following germination. During the four days immediately after germination, the hordenine content was highest, and decreased as the embryo grew older, so that after 25 days no hordenine was present (Torquati 1911). Both hordenine and gramine are biosynthesized in barley malt during germination (Mangino and Scanlan, 1984). Ten grams of fresh barley rootlets upon extraction with dilute sulfuric acid and clean-up, yielded 1.2 mg of pure hordenine (Raout 1934). The major source of hordenine consumption in humans is from beer brewed from barley (Singh et al, 1992). ref Shulgin Index
		+

	=== Acacia spp. ===		=== Acacia spp. ===

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 === Phalaris spp. ===
-[[Phalaris arudinacea]]
+[[Phalaris arundinacea]]
 * Reed canary grass contains both hordenine (Audette et al., 1969) and several indolealkylamines; meadow voles were used to estimate the toxicity of this grass as forage material (Goelz et al., 1980). Quantitative analyses were made of P. arundinacea (Duynisveld et al., 1990; Kalen et al., 1992). Hordenine and 5-MeO-NMT (5-methoxy-N-methyltryptamine) were also isolated from P. arundinaceae (Wilkinson, 1958; Bourke et al., 1988).

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 * The accumulation of hordenine in the seedlings of Panicum miliaceum continues for at least eight days (Demaree and Tyler, 1956).
 === Sageretia ===
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 === Selenicereus spp. ===
 * Hordenine ;vas isolated from Selenicereus grandiflorus and S. pterantltus (Petershofer-Halbmayer et al., 1982),
 === Other cactus ===
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 * Hordenine was isolated from Stapelia gigantea (Keller, 1981)
 * hordenine, its glucoside and its acetate ester, the quaternary amine candicine, and the flavone luteolin were isolated from the African cactus Stapelia hirsuta L, commonly known as window sill cactus (Shabana et aL, 2006).
 == Analysis ==

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 * The accumulation of hordenine in the seedlings of Panicum miliaceum continues for at least eight days (Demaree and Tyler, 1956).
 === Sageretia ===
 * from shrubs of the Rhamnaceae: Sageretia hamosa, S. he11ryi, S. melliana, and S. thea (Zhong et al., 1994),
 === Securinega spp. ===

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 * Echinocerus candicans, previously classified as [[Trichocereus candicans]], Hordenine found to be 0.5-5.0% of alkaloid (Reti, L. 1953).
-* Echinocereus merkeri, hordenine also found to be present( Agurell et al 1969).
+* Echinocereus merkeri, hordenine also found to be present (Agurell et al 1969).
 === Ephedra spp. ===

← Older revision		Revision as of 15:43, 29 May 2024
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	* Echinocerus candicans, previously classified as [[Trichocereus candicans]], Hordenine found to be 0.5-5.0% of alkaloid (Reti, L. 1953).		* Echinocerus candicans, previously classified as [[Trichocereus candicans]], Hordenine found to be 0.5-5.0% of alkaloid (Reti, L. 1953).
−

	* Echinocereus merkeri also found to be present(Agurell et al 1969).		* Echinocereus merkeri also found to be present(Agurell et al 1969).

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 === Echinocereus spp ===
-* Echinocerus candicans, previously classified as [[Trichocereus candicans]], Hordenine found to be 0.5-5.0% of alkaloid (Reti, L. 1953).
+* Echinocerus candicans
 * Echinocereus merkeri also found to be present(Agurell et al 1969).