[center][b][size=8][color=orange]mono-Mescaline Citrate[/color][/size][/b][/center] [center][img]https://wiki.dmt-nexus.me/w/images/2/24/Mes_Cit_Bild.png[/img][/center] [center][color=orange][b]Solubility:[/b][/color] [center]boiling IPA (78 °C) 3,5 g in 100 ml 350 mg in 10 ml IPA in the freezer (-20 °C) 530 mg in 100 ml 53 mg in 10 ml[/center] [left]Mescaline can be extracted and solidified as a Freebase compound, but it will quickly react with CO2 and H2O from atmosphere to form Mescaline Carbonate. Hence all TEKs come with a way to produce the respective mescaline salt in the end, as storing it as a Freebase (like DMT) will not work. Regarding solubility a salt which is produced from a strong acid like HCl or H2SO4 will only dissolve in water or water:alcohol mixtures. CIELO as the go-to TEK for Mescaline will produce Mescaline Citrate, which is a salt from a weaker organic base and therefore it has a reasonable solubility even in pure alcohols (like EtOH / IPA). Therefore those can be used conveniently to recrystallize it, but obviously if you got some pretty crystals directly from the CIELO Tek this will probably not be mandatory :thumb_up: [/left] [center]Besides very soluble in Room Temperature Water and DMSO.[/center] [color=orange][b]IR-Spectrum[/b][/color] (measured in attenuated total reflection method (ATR)) [center][img]https://wiki.dmt-nexus.me/w/images/e/eb/Mes_Cit_ATR_IR.png[/img][/center] [color=orange][b]UV-Vis spectrum [/b][/color](0,6 mg/ml in Methanol, not Acetonitril) [center][img]https://wiki.dmt-nexus.me/w/images/9/93/Mes_Cit_UV_Methanol_0%2C6mg_pro_ml.png[/img][/center] [left]Note that Mescaline Citrate does not dissolve in Acetonitril in the concentration required, so Methanol had to be used. Now you may say this spectrum is kind of boring, not showing any absorption in the visible range (400 - 700 nm), thus this compound will simply be some white crystals, with at maximum some greyish tints from remaining Chlorophyll. But actually we could take the time to discuss a bit about photochemistry here, when comparing to (the structurally very different) other Tryptamines listed here. Both show an absorption maximum at 270 nm (Mescaline) and 280 nm (DMT). This is quite in the same range, Mescaline just being a little more narrow and *shifted left*, hence it needs a little more energy to show absorption. The actual absorption spectrum or more precisely the position on the X-Axis of an absorption peak and also the width of the peak itself is determined by the molecular structure of a compound. Easily spoken, the more pi-electrons (AKA doublebonds) a molecule has, the more the peak is shifted to the right side AKA more likely that it will result in the molecule being colourful to us. This effect is much stronger if those double bonds are in close proximity, thus constructing aromatic ring systems. Now this effect is even more increased if we add more groups onto those rings, which will push and pull electrons across those rings. Now after all that theory, we can see why all of these compounds have exactly those absorption spectra: Mescaline has the smallest aromatic system of only 6 conjugated pi electrons. Its absorption spectrum is the furthest on the left side with the smallest width. Moving to DMT it has an additional conjugated 5 membered ring with 3 more conjugated pi electrons. Therefore the absorption maximum is shifted to the right and has a bigger width. Now attaching a Methoxy group (5-MeO-...) or Hydroxy group (Bufo) will further increase the peak width. When finally moving to Harmalas the pi system has the biggest size, therefore the absorption is so far extended that we start seeing this compound as being colourfull. This is also the reason why Mescaline in general has the weakest absorption: We have to use roughly the 2x - 3x concentration for the same absorption strength - Tryptamines usually only require 0,2-0,5 mg / ml.[/left] [color=orange][b]Thermogravimetric Analysis (TGA)[/b][/color] (Heating rate = 10 K / min) [center][img]https://wiki.dmt-nexus.me/w/images/2/25/Mes_Cit_TGA.png[/img][/center] [left]As stated before TGA shows the evaporation of a compound across an increasing temperature ramp. Normally you would say why measure the evaporation of something not intended for smoking, but well here we have it. Wikipedia tells that citric acid will undergo thermal degradation after 175 °C. This is also what we probably can read from this data. First there is no clean evaporation, which would result in a slowly increasing slope and transitioning fast towards 0 % Mass (on Y-Axis). Instead we see some mass decrease even at lower temperatures before 150 °C and then moving down to 40 % mass in plateaus. This indicates no full evaporation, which always is a good hint that a lot of product just ends up in pyrolysis and charred to a black mass, also the multiple plateaus may indicate a sequence of decomposition reactions. So in total you might not be able to vaporize this compound efficiently, though it would still be perfectly usable for nebulizing devices. With some additional hotplate experiments I just observed formation of a black tar above 200 °C with only minimal vapor release.[/left] [color=orange][b]Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC)[/b][/color] (Heating rate = 10 K / min) [center][img]https://wiki.dmt-nexus.me/w/images/e/e4/Mes_Cit_DSC_-_beschriftet.png[/img][/center] [left]As stated before DSC shows the occurence of energy releasing or uptaking processes like melting or decomposition across an increasing temperature ramp. Here we can see a melting point of Mescaline Citrate with an onset at 102 °C and a max at 120 °C. The peak is astonishingly broad and not very sharp as other Tryptamines. When observed by eye I could see myself that it first starts liquifying to a sticky blob at around 120 °C and not forming a real molten liquid. This may correspond to the unusual melting peak seen in DSC. Still if there is no real reason vaporizing this salt it might not matter at all that it cant be formed into a true liquid easily.[/left] [color=orange][b]Comments:[/b][/color][/center] [left]Mescaline Citrate can be conveniently collected as a product from the CIELO TEK and seems to be very pure even without purification. You may try an re-x in alcohols, but it is probably not worth the work if everything anyways crystallized well. Chlorophyll diluted just above the detection limit for the human eye will look greyish. In case your CIELO product has a faint colouration dont worry, because even the slightly coloured crystals from the picture above have 99,9+ % purity seen in HPLC.[/left] [center][color=orange][b]Close-Up:[/b][/color] (The CIELO TEK will produce beautiful and delicate needles)[/center] [center][img]https://wiki.dmt-nexus.me/w/images/1/1a/Mesc_Citrate_Closeup.png[/img][/center] [center][b][size=8][color=orange]Mescaline Benzoate[/color][/size][/b][/center] [center][img]https://wiki.dmt-nexus.me/w/images/6/6a/Mes_Benz_Bild.png[/img][/center] [center][color=orange][b]Solubility:[/b][/color] [center] Toluene (20 °C) 1,4 g in 100 ml 140 mg in 10 ml Hot Limonene (150 °C) 2,5 g in 100 ml 250 mg in 10 ml Limonene (20 °C) 500 mg in 100 ml 50 mg in 10 ml [/center] [left]Mescaline Benzoate has a mediocre solubility in non-polar solvents (which at least contain some double bonds) so those can be used to combine both Mescaline Freebase and Benzoic Acid and then precipitate the resulting salt. The solubility seems to be similar to the one of DMT Benzoate. Therefore if handling a big volume of Toluene, then chances are that you have too much liquid to start precipitation. Therefore it seems not feasible to extract with Toluene from the cactus, because you will end up with a too low concentration for crystal growth. Furthermore this data is only valid if handling exactly the pure Mescaline Benzoate. If extracting from a cactus then the liquids will contain some more compounds, which might actually stabilize the Mescaline Benzoate in the mixture, therefore making it more soluble to a degree where it will even not precipitate if you concentrate evaporate the liquid even more. Therefore you will be only safe to use the numbers as shown above if you know that the Toluene and Limonene will not contain other substances. Pure Benzoic Acid solubility at 20 °C is 70 mg / 1 ml in Toluene and 47 mg / 1 ml in Limonene. Use these numbers to make sure that you dont go below that concentration, so any precipitation can only be your Mescaline Benzoate.[/left] [center]Besides very soluble in Room Temperature Water and DMSO. Soluble in EtOH, IPA. Lower solubility in Ethyl Acetate.[/center] [color=orange][b]IR-Spectrum[/b][/color] (measured in attenuated total reflection method (ATR)) [center][img]https://wiki.dmt-nexus.me/w/images/c/c1/Mes_Benzoat_ATR_IR.png[/img][/center] [color=orange][b]UV-Vis spectrum [/b][/color](0,15 mg/ml in Acetonitril) [center][img]https://wiki.dmt-nexus.me/w/images/8/89/Mes_Benzoat_UV_Vis_015gproml.png[/img][/center] [left]Similar to the spectrum measured for Mescaline Citrate the shape of the absorption peak is not very interesting ... but we can see something else: In contrast to Mescaline Citrate we now have an acid anion which also will absorb light at 270 nm. Benzoic Acid has the same absorbing unit (simply being a phenyl ring) and thus both molecules of the salt will absorb at the same wavelength, increasing the absorption quite a lot. Therefore much less material was used to measure a similar absorption strength. I would have expected that the peak of Benzoic Acid would be a little more shifted left (because it lacks the 3x Methoxy groups). Still that seems not the case and we get exactly the same shape of the peak.[/left] [color=orange][b]Thermogravimetric Analysis (TGA)[/b][/color] (Heating rate = 10 K / min) [center][img]https://wiki.dmt-nexus.me/w/images/c/c0/Mes_Benzoat_TGA_-_beschriftet.png[/img][/center] [left]As stated before TGA shows the evaporation of a compound across an increasing temperature ramp. Prior we measured the TGA for Mescaline Citrate and it looked like it would mostly undergo pyrolysis instead of a clean evaporation. But as seen already for DMT and Bufotenin the salt created with Benzoic Acid seems to also evaporate very cleanly and efficient. This might be caused as for true vaporization only the nucleation of small droplets in air is mandatory, which will drag up all the liquid in form of vapor over time - read more about this [url=https://www.dmt-nexus.me/forum/default.aspx?g=posts&m=1211257#post1211257]here[/url]. Therefore salts created from Benzoic Acid vaporize basically like their Freebase analogues. This was tested here and indeed the vaporization courve is very pretty! It shows a very harmonic drop starting at around 168 °C and the vaporization stops at first just above 10 % before 250 °C, so it can be evaporated very clean. Afterwards there is a small further drop to nearly 0 %, but no idea what this unusual final part is, anyways the vaporization curve looks perfect for vaporizing this salt. Indeed I tried it and it works very smooth and clean, read more about this [url=https://www.dmt-nexus.me/forum/default.aspx?g=posts&t=101299]here[/url]. Still obviously it is a debate if smoking Mescaline is worth it, as it is in general a "weak drug" due to the very fast metabolism inherited by its chemical structure. I tested it only with 25 mg Freebase Mescaline Equivalent and the effect did not include any OEVs / CEVs.[/left] [color=orange][b]Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC)[/b][/color] (Heating rate = 10 K / min) [center][img]https://wiki.dmt-nexus.me/w/images/6/63/Mescaline_Benzoate_DSC_-_beschriftet.png[/img][/center] [left]As stated before DSC shows the occurence of energy releasing or uptaking processes like melting or decomposition across an increasing temperature ramp. Luckily I will go pretty sure with the excuse that I dont have much knowledge in DSC and therefore my wisdom is simply just enough to always write those short paragraphs at each substance. Based on that looking on this spectrum I have no idea why it has this weird shape. Pretty safely it shows a melting point with an onset at 122 °C and a max at 129 °C. This also corresponds pretty nicely with salts from other organic acids, which also were measured between 120 - 170 °C. Mescaline freebase as a pure compound is melting very low at just above 30 °C IIRC, so it's probably reasonable that the -Benzoate salt melts a little lower than the DMT-Benzoate. But besides that you first see a new maximum at around 150 °C. That is weird because there should not be 2 melting points. Later you can again see a new maximum at around 230 °C. Also this whole curve has a weird slope upwards. Therefore I happily tell I am a noobie in this thermal analysis science, so maybe a process is happening which other people might explain at some point xD.[/left] [color=orange][b]Comments:[/b][/color][/center] [left]Mescaline Benzoate is an alternative salt with interesting properties, as it can vaporize pretty cleanly and also will form very delicate and beautiful crystals, with a shape seemingly strongly directed by the benzoic acid itself. It is very non-hygroscopic and forms voluminous crystals, so it is also very convenient to handle. Still it seems that there are no easy ways to directly produce it from a usual extraction TEK as solubility in most solvents is still too high. On top of that vaporizing this compound might be interesting, but it has to be proven that it can hit strong enough to make it worth more trials.[/left] [center][color=orange][b]Bioassay:[/b][/color][/center] [left]40 mg Mescaline Benzoate was vaporized at ~ 190 °C. Quite a strong effect on the body was felt. Warm and pleasant feeling. Still this only translates to 25 mg pure Mescaline which would be regarded less than 10 % of a common dose if taken orally. More experiments might be interesting, also vaping this while having a MAOI effect.[/left] [center][color=orange][b]Close-Up:[/b][/color] (Super long needles like pure Benzoic Acid - micro droplets of Limonene still visible at right picture)[/center] [center][img]https://wiki.dmt-nexus.me/w/images/f/f8/Mes_Benzoat_Closeup.png[/img][/center]