DMT-Nexus Wiki - User contributions [en]

Alicia anisopetala

2012-06-07T22:25:29Z

Entropymancer: Brief brief outline

''Alicia anisopetala'' (A. Jussieu in A. St.-Hilaire) W.R. Anderson
=''Hiraea anisopetala'' A.Juss.
=''Mascagnia anisopetala'' (A. Juss.) Griseb.
=''Hiraea macrocarpa'' Chodat
=''Mascagnia nobilis'' C.V. Morton

One of two members of the genus ''Alicia'', which was split from the genus ''Mascagnia'' in 2006.

To date, no chemical analysis has been performed on ''A. anisopetala''

In 2012, some vendors began selling "black ayahuasca" which they identify as ''A. anisopetala'', although this identification has not been confirmed. Several individuals report having ingested brews made from this vine and report it to be active. However, when a methanol extract of the vine was analyzed by TLC, it contained no compounds that fluoresce under blacklight (indicating an absence of beta-carbolines). When analyzed by GCMS, it was found to contain no harmine, harmaline, THH, or any other known beta-carboline peaks. We hope that continued research may shed light on this enigma.

'''Related threads'''
[https://www.dmt-nexus.me/forum/default.aspx?g=posts&m=355567&#post355567 Poorly understood family of AYAHUASCA vines]

Phalaris spp.

2012-03-08T15:28:31Z

Entropymancer: /* Relevant links */

== Species ==

* [[Phalaris aquatica]]
* [[Phalaris arundinacea]]
* [[Phalaris brachystachys]]

== General phalaris info ==

Phalaris is a genus of grasses that are known in the ethnobotanical world for being a potential alternative source for psychoactive tryptamines.

== Alkaloid Content ==

The alkaloid content in the Phalaris genus varies greatly depending on species and strain, as well as conditions of growing. Not all Phalaris will be good for extracting psychoactive tryptamines, some may have very little alkaloids, some may have more of toxic alkaloids such as gramine, or of stimulant-like alkaloids such as hordenine, or they may have wanted tryptamines such as DMT and 5-MeO-DMT. Do not bioassay an extract from Phalaris without making sure you are getting the alkaloids you want. For more info check file linked below.

The alkaloids found so far in Phalaris according to festi and samorini 1994:

*N-methyltryptamine (MMT)
*5-methoxy-N-methyltryptamine (5-MeO-MMT)
*N,N-dimethyltryptamine (DMT)
*5-methoxy-N,N-dimethyltryptamine (5-MeO-DMT)
*5-hydroxy-N,N-dimethyltryptamine (Bufotenine, 5-HO-DMT)
*5-methyl-tryptamine
*5-methoxy-tryptamine
*2-methyl-l,2,3,4-tetrahydro-B-carboline (MTHC), not found in P. aquatica
*2-methyl-6-methoxy-1,2,3,4-tetrahydro-B-carboline (MMTHC)
*2,9-dimethyl-6-methoxy-l ,2,3,4-tetrahydro-B-carboline (DMTHC)
*Gramine
*7-methoxy-gramine
*5,7-dimethoxy-gramine
*Hordenine

== Cultivation ==

[https://www.dmt-nexus.me/forum/resource.ashx?a=8255 Samorini & Festi (amazing publication with review of phalaris analysis and conditions that affect growth)]

== Suppliers ==

* [https://www.dmt-nexus.me/forum/default.aspx?g=posts&t=24897 Suppliers of known strains of phalaris grass]
* [https://www.dmt-nexus.me/forum/default.aspx?g=posts&t=20835 Supplier]

== Extraction teks ==

Different extraction teks used for other DMT containing plant can work theoretically for Phalaris too, but there are 3 main issues with extracting from phalaris:

1- Finding a plant that yields decently
2- Finding a plant with good alkaloid profile
3- Dealing with plant impurities/chlorophyll/fats

For these reasons, one will more likely have good results if one extracts from a grown plant of a known strain such as AQ1, Big Medicine for DMT, and Yugo Red or Turkey Red for 5-MeO-DMT, as well as using the stress/growth tricks to improve alkaloid content as described above

To get rid of gramine, there are still some analytical tests to make sure and find a definite tek for phalaris but the main indication we have at this point is the fact that gramine should not be soluble in solvents such as petroleum ether / hexane / heptane / aliphatic naphtha, and therefore a few recrystallizations should get rid of it.

For separating from fats, fumarate precipitation such as FASI on limonene or FASA on xylene could potentially be a way to bypass the need for defats.

== Relevant links ==

* [https://www.dmt-nexus.me/forum/default.aspx?g=posts&t=16810 Phalaris - Way of the future]
* [https://www.dmt-nexus.me/forum/default.aspx?g=posts&t=29986 The Phalaris Analysis Thread]
* [https://www.dmt-nexus.me/forum/default.aspx?g=posts&t=23534 Successful Phalaris extraction]
* [https://www.dmt-nexus.me/forum/default.aspx?g=posts&t=19547 Where are we at the grass tek]

== Scientific articles ==

* [https://www.dmt-nexus.me/forum/resource.ashx?a=3957 The occurrence of 2-MTHBC in Phalaris arundinacea]

History of Ethnobotanicals

2010-03-18T22:20:14Z

Entropymancer: /* The group consists of */

<noinclude>{{Nexus Activism Header|{{eBook}}}}</noinclude>
<onlyinclude>
===='''ii. [[History of Ethnobotanicals]]'''====

20-70 pages, [Evening Glory, Elpo, Bancopuma, SnozzleBerry, Entropymancer]
</onlyinclude>
The work on a thorough monograph concerning the history of ethnobotanical use has been started, see [http://dmt-nexus.com/forum/default.aspx?g=posts&t=9965 this thread]. The idea is to demonstrate the antiquity and pervasiveness of entheogen use and the integral role they played in the societies who used them. This monograph will be available in [[the Nexus eBook]].

Entropymancer will write the monograph with the help of the community. My thought is to divide it into two sections. The first will treat ancient use that we have archaeological of very old written records of; the second will treat the written records of the rediscovery of these ancient traditions by western cultures. A brief summary of relevant data on each plant that is mentioned will be included as an appendix.

===== The group consists of =====

'''Writer''': Entropymancer

'''Research''': Evening Glory, Elpo, SnozzleBerry, Entropymancer

'''Proofreading''': Bancopuma, SnozzleBerry

Please post in [http://dmt-nexus.com/forum/default.aspx?g=posts&t=9965 the mentioned forum thread] if you'd like to contribute! The more folks who help with the research, the quicker this thing will get written. There is a list of topics that we still need help researching in the thread.

'''Research Status:''' 35% complete.

Once the research phase is complete, composing the monograph will only take a matter of days.

'''Topics that we still need researchers for:''' Tobacco, tropane plants (datura, mandrake, belladonna, henbane), ''Trichocereus'' cacti, South American snuffs besides Anadenanthera and tobacco (virola/epena and the like)

----

'''Nexus eBook Structure:'''

+ Antiquity

+ The Era of Rediscovery

+ Appendix I: The Ethnobotanicals

===== Chapter Content =====
<onlyinclude>
[ ''Space reserved for chapter's content'' ]
</onlyinclude>

===== Bibliography =====
<onlyinclude>
*Acosta, José de. 1604. ''The Natural and Moral History of the Indies''. Val. Sims, London. Translated by Edward Grimston. Original in Spanish, published 1590 in Seville.
*Aguirre Beltrán, Gonzalo. 1955. ''Medicina y Magica''.Mexico D.F., Mexico.
*Alarcón, Hernando Ruiz de. 1984. ''Treatise on the Heathen Superstitions That Today Live Among the Indians Native to This New Spain''. University of Oklahoma Press, London, England. Translated and edited by Andrews, Richard J. and Ross Hassig. Original in Spanish, 1629. Includes Pedro Ponce's ''Brief Relation of the Gods and Rites of Heathenism''.
*Baumgartner, Daniela. 1994. "Das Priesterwesen der Kogi." ''Yearbook for ethnomedicine and the study of consciousness'' 1994 (3): 171-198.
*Benzoni, Girolamo. 1565. ''Historia del Mondo Nuovo''.
*Boone, E.A. ''Codex Magliabechiano and the lost prototype of the Magliabechiano group''. University of California Press, Berkeley, CA.
*Borhegyi, S.F. de. 1961. "Miniature mushroom stones from Guatemala." ''American Antiquity'' 26: 498-504.
*Borhegyi, S.F. de. 1963. "Pre-Columbian pottery mushrooms from Mesoamerica." ''American Antiquity'' 28: 328-338.
*Cardenas, Juan de. 1591. ''De los problemas y secretes maravillosos de las Indias''. Mexico.
*Caso, A. 1963. "Representaciones de hongos en los códices." ''Estudios de Cultura Nahuatl''. Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City.
*Clavijero, Francisco Xavier. 1807. ''The History of Mexico: collected from Spanish and Mexican historians, from manuscripts and ancient paintings of the indians, illustrated by charts, and other copper plates, to wich are added, critical dissertations on the land, the animals, and inhabitants of Mexico''. Joyce Gold, London, England. Original in Spanish, published 1780 as ''La Historia Antigua de México''. Translated by Charles Cullen.
*Coe, Sophie D., and Michael D. Coe. 1996. ''The True History of Chocolate''. Thames and Hudson, London.
*Díaz del Castillo, Bernal. 1844. ''Memoirs of the Conquistador Bernal Diaz del Castillo written by himself containing a true and full account of the discovery and conquest of Mexico and New Spain''. J. Hatchard and Son, London. Translated by John Ingram Lockhart. Original published in Spanish in 1632 as ''Historia verdadera de la conquista de la Nueva España''. Written in 1568 about the events of 1519-1521.
*Duke, James A. 1975. "Ethnobotanical observations on the Cuna Indians." ''Economic Botany'' 29: 278-293.
*Durán, Diego. 1977. ''Book of the Gods and Rites and the Ancient Calendar''. Civilization of the American Indian series (Vol. 102). University of Oklahoma Press, Norman, OK. (Translated and edited by Fernando Horcasitas and Doris Heyden. Original in Spanish, 1574-1576)
*Durán, Diego. 1967. ''Historia de las Indias de Nueva España e Islas de la Tierra Firme''. Editorial Porrúa: México City.
*Emboden, William Jr. 1979. ''Narcotic Plants'' 2nd Ed. Collier Books, New York, NY.
*Fernandez, J.W. 1972. “''Tabernanthe iboga'': Narcotic ecstasis and the work of the ancestors” In: Furst, Peter T. (Ed.) ''Flesh of the Gods: The Ritual Use of Hallucinogens''. Praeger, New York, NY. pp. 237-260.
*Fernandez, J.W. 1982. ''Bwiti: An Ethnography of the Religious Imagination of Africa''. Princeton University Press, Princeton, NJ.
*Flattery, David Stophlet, and Martin Schwartz. 1989. Haoma and Harmaline: The Botanical Identity of the Indo-Iranian Sacred Hallucinogen "Soma" and Its Legacy in Religion, Language and Middle Eastern Folklore. University of California Press, Berkeley, CA.
*Foster, Nelson, and Linda Cordell (Eds). 1992. ''From Chilies to Chocolate: Food the Americas Gave the World''. University of Arizona Press, Tucson, AZ.
*Garza, Mercedes de la. 1990. ''Sueño y Allucinacíon en el Mundo Náhuatl y Maya''. Universidad Nac. Autónoma de México, Mexico City.
*Heim, R. 1967. ''Nouvelles Investigations sur les Champignons Hallucinogènes''. Éditions du Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle, Paris.
*Heim, R., and R.G. Wasson. 1958. ''Les Champignons Hallucinogènes du Mexique''. Éditions du Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle, Paris.
*Hernández, Francisco. 1651. ''Rerum Medicarum Novae Hispaniae Thesaurus, seu Plantarum, Animalium, Mineralium Mexicanorum Historia''. Rome.
*Hoffman, A. 1978. "A Challenging Question and My Answer." In Wasson, Hofmann, and Ruck ''The Road to Eleusis: Unveiling the Secret of the Mysteries‎''. Harcourt Brace Jovanovich, New York, NY. pp. 8-11.
*Johnson, Jean B. 1939a. "Some notes on the Mazatec." ''Revista Mexicana de Estudios Antropológicos'' 3: 142-156.
*Johnson, Jean B. 1939b. "The Elements of Mazatec Witchcraft." ''Etnologiska Studier'' 9: 128-150.
*Lascano, C. et al. 1967. "Estudios fitoquímico de la especie psicotomimética ''Ipomoea carnea''." ''Ciencias Naturales'' 9: 3.
*Lipp, Frank J. 1991. ''The Mixe of Oaxaca: Religion, Ritual and Healing''. University of Texas Press, Austin, TX.
*López-Austin, A. 1967. Terminos del Nahuallatolli. ''Historia Mexicana'' 17: 1-36
*Lowy, B. "New records of mushroom stones from Guatemala." ''Mycologia'' 63: 983-993.
*MacDougall, Tómas. 1960. "''Ipomea'' [''sic''] ''tricolor'' a hallucenogenic [''sic''] plant of the Zapotecs." ''Boletín del Centro de Investigaciones Antropológicas de México'' 6: 6-8.
*McKenna, T. 1992. ''Food of the Gods''. Bantam Books, New York, NY.
*Molina, A. de. 1571. ''Vocabulario en Lengua Castellana y Mexicana''. Mexico.
*Morton, Marcia, and Frederic Morton. 1986. ''Chocolate: An illustrated history''. Crown Publishers, New York, NY.
*Mylonas, G.E. 1961. ''Eleusis and the Eleusinian Mysteries''. Princeton University Press, Princeton, NJ.
*Naranjo, Plutarco. 1969. "Etnofarmacología de las plantas psicotrópicas de América." ''Terapía'' 24: 5-63.
*Newton, Joseph F. 1914. ''The Builders''. Macoy Publishing, New York, NY.
*Ott, Jonathan. 1978. "A brief history of hallucinogenic mushrooms." In Ott, J., and J. Bigwood (Eds.) ''Teonanácatl: Hallucinogenic Mushrooms of North America''. Madrona Publishers, Seattle, WA. pp. 5-22.
*Ott, Jonathan. 1996. ''Pharmacotheon'' (2nd ed). Natural Product Co., Kennewick, WA.
*Parsons, E.C. 1936. ''Mitla - Town of the Souls''. University of Chicago Press: Chicago, IL.
*Plowman, T.C. 1980. "Chamairo: Mussatia hyacinthia - An admixture to coca from Amazonian Peru and Bolivia." ''Botanical Museum Leaflets'' Harvard University 28(3): 253-261.
*Ponce, Pedro. 1984. ''Brief Relation of the Gods and Rites of Heathenism''. In Alarcón, H.R. de, 1984: ''Treatise on the Heathen Superstitions That Today Live Among the Indians Native to This New Spain''. University of Oklahoma Press, London, England. Translated and edited by Andrews, Richard J. and Ross Hassig. Original in Spanish circa 1629.
*Pope, H.G. 1969. “''Tabernanthe iboga'': An African narcotic plant of social importance” ''Economic Botany'' 23(2): 174-184.
*Ramos, C.R. et al. 2006. "The painted murals of Cholula: A contextual perspective." ''La Tinaja'' 17: 18-23
*Rätsch, Christian. 2005. ''Encyclopedia of Psychoactive Plants''. Park Street Press: Rochester, VT. Translated by John R. Baker with Annabel Lee and Cornelia Ballent. Foreword by Albert Hofmann. Originally published in German, 1998. AT Verlag Aarau / Switzerland.
*Reents-Budet, Dorie (Ed). 1994. ''Painting the Maya Universe: Royal ceramics of the Classic Period''. Duke University Press, Durham, NC.
*Reichel-Dolmatoff, Gerardo. 1978. "The loom of life: A Kogi principle of integration." ''Journal of Latin American Lore'' 4: 5-27.
*Reichel-Dolmatoff, Gerardo. 1987. "The Great Mother and the Kogi universe: A concise overview." ''Journal of Latin American Lore'' 13: 73-113.
*Reko, Blas Pablo. 1919. "De los nombres botánicos Aztecas." ''El Mexico Antiguo'' 1(5): 115-157.
*Reko, Blas Pablo. 1929. "Alcaloides y glucósidos en plantas mexicanas." ''Memorial de la Sociedad Alzate'' 49: 412.
*Reko, Blas Pablo. 1934. "Das mexikanische Rauschgift Ololiuhqui." ''El México Antiguo'' 3(3-4): 1-7.
*Reko, Blas Pablo. 1945. ''Mitobotánica Zapoteca''. Privately published, Tacubaya, Mexico.
*Riedlinger, T.J. 1993. "Wasson's alternative candidates for soma." Journal of Psychoactive Drugs 25(2): 149-156.
*Ruck, C.A.P. 1978. "Solving the Eleusinian Mystery." In Wasson, Hofmann, and Ruck ''The Road to Eleusis: Unveiling the Secret of the Mysteries‎''. Harcourt Brace Jovanovich, New York, NY. pp. 12-18.
*Rudgley, Richard. 1998. Encyclopedia of Psychoactive Substances. Thomas Dunne Books, New York, NY.
*Sahagún, B. de. 1950-1969. ''Florentine Codex''. University of Utah Press, Salt Lake City, UT.
*Sahagún, Bernardino de. 1982. ''Historia General de las Casas de Nueva España''. Editorial Porrúa, México City, Mexico.
*Schlieffer, H. (Ed.). 1979. ''Narcotic Plants of the Old World: An Anthology of Texts from Ancient Times to the Present''. Lubrecht & Cramer, Monticello, NY.
*Schultes, Richard Evans. 1941. ''A Contribution to Our Knowledge of ''Rivea corymbosa'', the Narcotic ololiuqui of the Aztecs''. Harvard Botanical Museum, Cambridge, MA.
*Schultes, Richard Evans. 1976. ''Hallucinogenic Plants''. Golden Press, New York, NY.
*Schultes, R.E. 1939. "The identification of teonanacatl, a narcotic Basidiomycete of the Aztecs." ''Botanical Museum Leaflets'' Harvard University 7: 37-54.
*Serna, Jacinto de la. 1656. ''Manual de Ministros de Indios para el Conocimiento de sus Idolatrias y Extirpación de Ellas''. Mexico City, Mexico.
*Valdéz, Leander J. 1987. "Studies of [i]Salvia divinorum[/i] (Lamiaceae), an hallucinogenic mint from the Sierra Mazateca in Oaxaca, Central Mexico." ''Economic Botany'' 41(2): 283-291.
*Wasson, R. Gordon. 1963. "Notes on the present status of ololiuqui and the other hallucinogens of Mexico." ''Botanical Museum Leaflets'' Harvard University 20(6): 161-193.
*Wasson, Gordon R. 1968. Soma: Divine Mushroom of Immortality. Harcourt Brace Jovanovich, New York, NY.
*Wasson, R. G. 1978. "The Wasson Road to Eleusis." In Wasson, Hofmann, and Ruck ''The Road to Eleusis: Unveiling the Secret of the Mysteries‎''. Harcourt Brace Jovanovich, New York, NY. pp. 2-7.
*Wasson, R. Gordon. 1972. "What was the Soma of the Aryans?" In Furst, Peter T. (Ed.) ''Flesh of the Gods''. Praeger Publishers, Richmond, VA. pp. 201-213.
*Wasson, R. Gordon. et al. 1974. ''María Sabina her Mazatec Mushroom Velada''. Harcourt Brace Jovanovich, New York, NY.
*Wasson, V.P., and R.G. Wasson. 1957. ''Mushrooms, Russia and History''. Pantheon Books, New York, NY.
*Weinberg, Bennett Alan, and Bonnie K. Bealer. 2001. ''The World of Caffeine''. Routledge: New York, NY.
*Weitlaner, Robert J. 1952. "Curaciones Mazatecas." ''Anales del Instituto Nacional de Antropología e Historia, México'' 4: 279-285.

</onlyinclude>

===== Research Notes =====
<onlyinclude>
[ ''Space reserved for notes from sources in the bibliography. Don't worry about organization; organizing a mess of notes is easy'' ]
</onlyinclude>

===== Books that have been suggested as useful =====

If you have one of these books, we'd appreciate if you could take very shorthand notes on the crucial details (mostly the where, what, and how) they provide on entheogen use in history

*Christian Rätsch - The Sacred Plants of our Ancestors ISBN 0-9720292-1-4
*Peter C. Rogers - Ultimate Truth, Book 1 ISBN 1438979681
*T. B. Roberts - Chemical Input—Religious Output: Entheogens
*T. B. Roberts (editor) - Psychoactive Sacramentals: Essays on Entheogens and Religion

History of Ethnobotanicals

2010-03-18T22:19:55Z

Entropymancer: /* Bibliography */ Added cacao entries

<noinclude>{{Nexus Activism Header|{{eBook}}}}</noinclude>
<onlyinclude>
===='''ii. [[History of Ethnobotanicals]]'''====

20-70 pages, [Evening Glory, Elpo, Bancopuma, SnozzleBerry, Entropymancer]
</onlyinclude>
The work on a thorough monograph concerning the history of ethnobotanical use has been started, see [http://dmt-nexus.com/forum/default.aspx?g=posts&t=9965 this thread]. The idea is to demonstrate the antiquity and pervasiveness of entheogen use and the integral role they played in the societies who used them. This monograph will be available in [[the Nexus eBook]].

Entropymancer will write the monograph with the help of the community. My thought is to divide it into two sections. The first will treat ancient use that we have archaeological of very old written records of; the second will treat the written records of the rediscovery of these ancient traditions by western cultures. A brief summary of relevant data on each plant that is mentioned will be included as an appendix.

===== The group consists of =====

'''Writer''': Entropymancer

'''Research''': Evening Glory, Elpo, SnozzleBerry, Entropymancer

'''Proofreading''': Bancopuma, SnozzleBerry

Please post in [http://dmt-nexus.com/forum/default.aspx?g=posts&t=9965 the mentioned forum thread] if you'd like to contribute! The more folks who help with the research, the quicker this thing will get written. There is a list of topics that we still need help researching in the thread.

'''Research Status:''' 30% complete.

Once the research phase is complete, composing the monograph will only take a matter of days.

'''Topics that we still need researchers for:''' Tobacco, tropane plants (datura, mandrake, belladonna, henbane), ''Trichocereus'' cacti, South American snuffs besides Anadenanthera and tobacco (virola/epena and the like)

----

'''Nexus eBook Structure:'''

+ Antiquity

+ The Era of Rediscovery

+ Appendix I: The Ethnobotanicals

===== Chapter Content =====
<onlyinclude>
[ ''Space reserved for chapter's content'' ]
</onlyinclude>

===== Bibliography =====
<onlyinclude>
*Acosta, José de. 1604. ''The Natural and Moral History of the Indies''. Val. Sims, London. Translated by Edward Grimston. Original in Spanish, published 1590 in Seville.
*Aguirre Beltrán, Gonzalo. 1955. ''Medicina y Magica''.Mexico D.F., Mexico.
*Alarcón, Hernando Ruiz de. 1984. ''Treatise on the Heathen Superstitions That Today Live Among the Indians Native to This New Spain''. University of Oklahoma Press, London, England. Translated and edited by Andrews, Richard J. and Ross Hassig. Original in Spanish, 1629. Includes Pedro Ponce's ''Brief Relation of the Gods and Rites of Heathenism''.
*Baumgartner, Daniela. 1994. "Das Priesterwesen der Kogi." ''Yearbook for ethnomedicine and the study of consciousness'' 1994 (3): 171-198.
*Benzoni, Girolamo. 1565. ''Historia del Mondo Nuovo''.
*Boone, E.A. ''Codex Magliabechiano and the lost prototype of the Magliabechiano group''. University of California Press, Berkeley, CA.
*Borhegyi, S.F. de. 1961. "Miniature mushroom stones from Guatemala." ''American Antiquity'' 26: 498-504.
*Borhegyi, S.F. de. 1963. "Pre-Columbian pottery mushrooms from Mesoamerica." ''American Antiquity'' 28: 328-338.
*Cardenas, Juan de. 1591. ''De los problemas y secretes maravillosos de las Indias''. Mexico.
*Caso, A. 1963. "Representaciones de hongos en los códices." ''Estudios de Cultura Nahuatl''. Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City.
*Clavijero, Francisco Xavier. 1807. ''The History of Mexico: collected from Spanish and Mexican historians, from manuscripts and ancient paintings of the indians, illustrated by charts, and other copper plates, to wich are added, critical dissertations on the land, the animals, and inhabitants of Mexico''. Joyce Gold, London, England. Original in Spanish, published 1780 as ''La Historia Antigua de México''. Translated by Charles Cullen.
*Coe, Sophie D., and Michael D. Coe. 1996. ''The True History of Chocolate''. Thames and Hudson, London.
*Díaz del Castillo, Bernal. 1844. ''Memoirs of the Conquistador Bernal Diaz del Castillo written by himself containing a true and full account of the discovery and conquest of Mexico and New Spain''. J. Hatchard and Son, London. Translated by John Ingram Lockhart. Original published in Spanish in 1632 as ''Historia verdadera de la conquista de la Nueva España''. Written in 1568 about the events of 1519-1521.
*Duke, James A. 1975. "Ethnobotanical observations on the Cuna Indians." ''Economic Botany'' 29: 278-293.
*Durán, Diego. 1977. ''Book of the Gods and Rites and the Ancient Calendar''. Civilization of the American Indian series (Vol. 102). University of Oklahoma Press, Norman, OK. (Translated and edited by Fernando Horcasitas and Doris Heyden. Original in Spanish, 1574-1576)
*Durán, Diego. 1967. ''Historia de las Indias de Nueva España e Islas de la Tierra Firme''. Editorial Porrúa: México City.
*Emboden, William Jr. 1979. ''Narcotic Plants'' 2nd Ed. Collier Books, New York, NY.
*Fernandez, J.W. 1972. “''Tabernanthe iboga'': Narcotic ecstasis and the work of the ancestors” In: Furst, Peter T. (Ed.) ''Flesh of the Gods: The Ritual Use of Hallucinogens''. Praeger, New York, NY. pp. 237-260.
*Fernandez, J.W. 1982. ''Bwiti: An Ethnography of the Religious Imagination of Africa''. Princeton University Press, Princeton, NJ.
*Flattery, David Stophlet, and Martin Schwartz. 1989. Haoma and Harmaline: The Botanical Identity of the Indo-Iranian Sacred Hallucinogen "Soma" and Its Legacy in Religion, Language and Middle Eastern Folklore. University of California Press, Berkeley, CA.
*Foster, Nelson, and Linda Cordell (Eds). 1992. ''From Chilies to Chocolate: Food the Americas Gave the World''. University of Arizona Press, Tucson, AZ.
*Garza, Mercedes de la. 1990. ''Sueño y Allucinacíon en el Mundo Náhuatl y Maya''. Universidad Nac. Autónoma de México, Mexico City.
*Heim, R. 1967. ''Nouvelles Investigations sur les Champignons Hallucinogènes''. Éditions du Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle, Paris.
*Heim, R., and R.G. Wasson. 1958. ''Les Champignons Hallucinogènes du Mexique''. Éditions du Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle, Paris.
*Hernández, Francisco. 1651. ''Rerum Medicarum Novae Hispaniae Thesaurus, seu Plantarum, Animalium, Mineralium Mexicanorum Historia''. Rome.
*Hoffman, A. 1978. "A Challenging Question and My Answer." In Wasson, Hofmann, and Ruck ''The Road to Eleusis: Unveiling the Secret of the Mysteries‎''. Harcourt Brace Jovanovich, New York, NY. pp. 8-11.
*Johnson, Jean B. 1939a. "Some notes on the Mazatec." ''Revista Mexicana de Estudios Antropológicos'' 3: 142-156.
*Johnson, Jean B. 1939b. "The Elements of Mazatec Witchcraft." ''Etnologiska Studier'' 9: 128-150.
*Lascano, C. et al. 1967. "Estudios fitoquímico de la especie psicotomimética ''Ipomoea carnea''." ''Ciencias Naturales'' 9: 3.
*Lipp, Frank J. 1991. ''The Mixe of Oaxaca: Religion, Ritual and Healing''. University of Texas Press, Austin, TX.
*López-Austin, A. 1967. Terminos del Nahuallatolli. ''Historia Mexicana'' 17: 1-36
*Lowy, B. "New records of mushroom stones from Guatemala." ''Mycologia'' 63: 983-993.
*MacDougall, Tómas. 1960. "''Ipomea'' [''sic''] ''tricolor'' a hallucenogenic [''sic''] plant of the Zapotecs." ''Boletín del Centro de Investigaciones Antropológicas de México'' 6: 6-8.
*McKenna, T. 1992. ''Food of the Gods''. Bantam Books, New York, NY.
*Molina, A. de. 1571. ''Vocabulario en Lengua Castellana y Mexicana''. Mexico.
*Morton, Marcia, and Frederic Morton. 1986. ''Chocolate: An illustrated history''. Crown Publishers, New York, NY.
*Mylonas, G.E. 1961. ''Eleusis and the Eleusinian Mysteries''. Princeton University Press, Princeton, NJ.
*Naranjo, Plutarco. 1969. "Etnofarmacología de las plantas psicotrópicas de América." ''Terapía'' 24: 5-63.
*Newton, Joseph F. 1914. ''The Builders''. Macoy Publishing, New York, NY.
*Ott, Jonathan. 1978. "A brief history of hallucinogenic mushrooms." In Ott, J., and J. Bigwood (Eds.) ''Teonanácatl: Hallucinogenic Mushrooms of North America''. Madrona Publishers, Seattle, WA. pp. 5-22.
*Ott, Jonathan. 1996. ''Pharmacotheon'' (2nd ed). Natural Product Co., Kennewick, WA.
*Parsons, E.C. 1936. ''Mitla - Town of the Souls''. University of Chicago Press: Chicago, IL.
*Plowman, T.C. 1980. "Chamairo: Mussatia hyacinthia - An admixture to coca from Amazonian Peru and Bolivia." ''Botanical Museum Leaflets'' Harvard University 28(3): 253-261.
*Ponce, Pedro. 1984. ''Brief Relation of the Gods and Rites of Heathenism''. In Alarcón, H.R. de, 1984: ''Treatise on the Heathen Superstitions That Today Live Among the Indians Native to This New Spain''. University of Oklahoma Press, London, England. Translated and edited by Andrews, Richard J. and Ross Hassig. Original in Spanish circa 1629.
*Pope, H.G. 1969. “''Tabernanthe iboga'': An African narcotic plant of social importance” ''Economic Botany'' 23(2): 174-184.
*Ramos, C.R. et al. 2006. "The painted murals of Cholula: A contextual perspective." ''La Tinaja'' 17: 18-23
*Rätsch, Christian. 2005. ''Encyclopedia of Psychoactive Plants''. Park Street Press: Rochester, VT. Translated by John R. Baker with Annabel Lee and Cornelia Ballent. Foreword by Albert Hofmann. Originally published in German, 1998. AT Verlag Aarau / Switzerland.
*Reents-Budet, Dorie (Ed). 1994. ''Painting the Maya Universe: Royal ceramics of the Classic Period''. Duke University Press, Durham, NC.
*Reichel-Dolmatoff, Gerardo. 1978. "The loom of life: A Kogi principle of integration." ''Journal of Latin American Lore'' 4: 5-27.
*Reichel-Dolmatoff, Gerardo. 1987. "The Great Mother and the Kogi universe: A concise overview." ''Journal of Latin American Lore'' 13: 73-113.
*Reko, Blas Pablo. 1919. "De los nombres botánicos Aztecas." ''El Mexico Antiguo'' 1(5): 115-157.
*Reko, Blas Pablo. 1929. "Alcaloides y glucósidos en plantas mexicanas." ''Memorial de la Sociedad Alzate'' 49: 412.
*Reko, Blas Pablo. 1934. "Das mexikanische Rauschgift Ololiuhqui." ''El México Antiguo'' 3(3-4): 1-7.
*Reko, Blas Pablo. 1945. ''Mitobotánica Zapoteca''. Privately published, Tacubaya, Mexico.
*Riedlinger, T.J. 1993. "Wasson's alternative candidates for soma." Journal of Psychoactive Drugs 25(2): 149-156.
*Ruck, C.A.P. 1978. "Solving the Eleusinian Mystery." In Wasson, Hofmann, and Ruck ''The Road to Eleusis: Unveiling the Secret of the Mysteries‎''. Harcourt Brace Jovanovich, New York, NY. pp. 12-18.
*Rudgley, Richard. 1998. Encyclopedia of Psychoactive Substances. Thomas Dunne Books, New York, NY.
*Sahagún, B. de. 1950-1969. ''Florentine Codex''. University of Utah Press, Salt Lake City, UT.
*Sahagún, Bernardino de. 1982. ''Historia General de las Casas de Nueva España''. Editorial Porrúa, México City, Mexico.
*Schlieffer, H. (Ed.). 1979. ''Narcotic Plants of the Old World: An Anthology of Texts from Ancient Times to the Present''. Lubrecht & Cramer, Monticello, NY.
*Schultes, Richard Evans. 1941. ''A Contribution to Our Knowledge of ''Rivea corymbosa'', the Narcotic ololiuqui of the Aztecs''. Harvard Botanical Museum, Cambridge, MA.
*Schultes, Richard Evans. 1976. ''Hallucinogenic Plants''. Golden Press, New York, NY.
*Schultes, R.E. 1939. "The identification of teonanacatl, a narcotic Basidiomycete of the Aztecs." ''Botanical Museum Leaflets'' Harvard University 7: 37-54.
*Serna, Jacinto de la. 1656. ''Manual de Ministros de Indios para el Conocimiento de sus Idolatrias y Extirpación de Ellas''. Mexico City, Mexico.
*Valdéz, Leander J. 1987. "Studies of [i]Salvia divinorum[/i] (Lamiaceae), an hallucinogenic mint from the Sierra Mazateca in Oaxaca, Central Mexico." ''Economic Botany'' 41(2): 283-291.
*Wasson, R. Gordon. 1963. "Notes on the present status of ololiuqui and the other hallucinogens of Mexico." ''Botanical Museum Leaflets'' Harvard University 20(6): 161-193.
*Wasson, Gordon R. 1968. Soma: Divine Mushroom of Immortality. Harcourt Brace Jovanovich, New York, NY.
*Wasson, R. G. 1978. "The Wasson Road to Eleusis." In Wasson, Hofmann, and Ruck ''The Road to Eleusis: Unveiling the Secret of the Mysteries‎''. Harcourt Brace Jovanovich, New York, NY. pp. 2-7.
*Wasson, R. Gordon. 1972. "What was the Soma of the Aryans?" In Furst, Peter T. (Ed.) ''Flesh of the Gods''. Praeger Publishers, Richmond, VA. pp. 201-213.
*Wasson, R. Gordon. et al. 1974. ''María Sabina her Mazatec Mushroom Velada''. Harcourt Brace Jovanovich, New York, NY.
*Wasson, V.P., and R.G. Wasson. 1957. ''Mushrooms, Russia and History''. Pantheon Books, New York, NY.
*Weinberg, Bennett Alan, and Bonnie K. Bealer. 2001. ''The World of Caffeine''. Routledge: New York, NY.
*Weitlaner, Robert J. 1952. "Curaciones Mazatecas." ''Anales del Instituto Nacional de Antropología e Historia, México'' 4: 279-285.

</onlyinclude>

===== Research Notes =====
<onlyinclude>
[ ''Space reserved for notes from sources in the bibliography. Don't worry about organization; organizing a mess of notes is easy'' ]
</onlyinclude>

===== Books that have been suggested as useful =====

If you have one of these books, we'd appreciate if you could take very shorthand notes on the crucial details (mostly the where, what, and how) they provide on entheogen use in history

*Christian Rätsch - The Sacred Plants of our Ancestors ISBN 0-9720292-1-4
*Peter C. Rogers - Ultimate Truth, Book 1 ISBN 1438979681
*T. B. Roberts - Chemical Input—Religious Output: Entheogens
*T. B. Roberts (editor) - Psychoactive Sacramentals: Essays on Entheogens and Religion

History of Ethnobotanicals

2010-03-18T03:09:21Z

Entropymancer: Soma bibliography entries

<noinclude>{{Nexus Activism Header|{{eBook}}}}</noinclude>
<onlyinclude>
===='''ii. [[History of Ethnobotanicals]]'''====

20-70 pages, [Evening Glory, Elpo, Bancopuma, SnozzleBerry, Entropymancer]
</onlyinclude>
The work on a thorough monograph concerning the history of ethnobotanical use has been started, see [http://dmt-nexus.com/forum/default.aspx?g=posts&t=9965 this thread]. The idea is to demonstrate the antiquity and pervasiveness of entheogen use and the integral role they played in the societies who used them. This monograph will be available in [[the Nexus eBook]].

Entropymancer will write the monograph with the help of the community. My thought is to divide it into two sections. The first will treat ancient use that we have archaeological of very old written records of; the second will treat the written records of the rediscovery of these ancient traditions by western cultures. A brief summary of relevant data on each plant that is mentioned will be included as an appendix.

===== The group consists of =====

'''Writer''': Entropymancer

'''Research''': Evening Glory, Elpo, SnozzleBerry, Entropymancer

'''Proofreading''': Bancopuma, SnozzleBerry

Please post in [http://dmt-nexus.com/forum/default.aspx?g=posts&t=9965 the mentioned forum thread] if you'd like to contribute! The more folks who help with the research, the quicker this thing will get written. There is a list of topics that we still need help researching in the thread.

'''Research Status:''' 30% complete.

Once the research phase is complete, composing the monograph will only take a matter of days.

'''Topics that we still need researchers for:''' Tobacco, tropane plants (datura, mandrake, belladonna, henbane), ''Trichocereus'' cacti, South American snuffs besides Anadenanthera and tobacco (virola/epena and the like)

----

'''Nexus eBook Structure:'''

+ Antiquity

+ The Era of Rediscovery

+ Appendix I: The Ethnobotanicals

===== Chapter Content =====
<onlyinclude>
[ ''Space reserved for chapter's content'' ]
</onlyinclude>

===== Bibliography =====
<onlyinclude>
*Acosta, José de. 1604. ''The Natural and Moral History of the Indies''. Val. Sims, London. Translated by Edward Grimston. Original in Spanish, published 1590 in Seville.
*Aguirre Beltrán, Gonzalo. 1955. ''Medicina y Magica''.Mexico D.F., Mexico.
*Alarcón, Hernando Ruiz de. 1984. ''Treatise on the Heathen Superstitions That Today Live Among the Indians Native to This New Spain''. University of Oklahoma Press, London, England. Translated and edited by Andrews, Richard J. and Ross Hassig. Original in Spanish, 1629. Includes Pedro Ponce's ''Brief Relation of the Gods and Rites of Heathenism''.
*Baumgartner, Daniela. 1994. "Das Priesterwesen der Kogi." ''Yearbook for ethnomedicine and the study of consciousness'' 1994 (3): 171-198.
*Boone, E.A. ''Codex Magliabechiano and the lost prototype of the Magliabechiano group''. University of California Press, Berkeley, CA.
*Borhegyi, S.F. de. 1961. "Miniature mushroom stones from Guatemala." ''American Antiquity'' 26: 498-504.
*Borhegyi, S.F. de. 1963. "Pre-Columbian pottery mushrooms from Mesoamerica." ''American Antiquity'' 28: 328-338.
*Cardenas, Juan de. 1591. ''De los problemas y secretes maravillosos de las Indias''. Mexico.
*Caso, A. 1963. "Representaciones de hongos en los códices." ''Estudios de Cultura Nahuatl''. Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City.
*Clavijero, Francisco Xavier. 1807. ''The History of Mexico: collected from Spanish and Mexican historians, from manuscripts and ancient paintings of the indians, illustrated by charts, and other copper plates, to wich are added, critical dissertations on the land, the animals, and inhabitants of Mexico''. Joyce Gold, London, England. Original in Spanish, published 1780 as ''La Historia Antigua de México''. Translated by Charles Cullen.
*Durán, Diego. 1977. ''Book of the Gods and Rites and the Ancient Calendar''. Civilization of the American Indian series (Vol. 102). University of Oklahoma Press, Norman, OK. (Translated and edited by Fernando Horcasitas and Doris Heyden. Original in Spanish, 1574-1576)
*Durán, Diego. 1967. ''Historia de las Indias de Nueva España e Islas de la Tierra Firme''. Editorial Porrúa: México City.
*Fernandez, J.W. 1972. “''Tabernanthe iboga'': Narcotic ecstasis and the work of the ancestors” In: Furst, Peter T. (Ed.) ''Flesh of the Gods: The Ritual Use of Hallucinogens''. Praeger, New York, NY. pp. 237-260.
*Fernandez, J.W. 1982. ''Bwiti: An Ethnography of the Religious Imagination of Africa''. Princeton University Press, Princeton, NJ.
*Flattery, David Stophlet, and Martin Schwartz. 1989. Haoma and Harmaline: The Botanical Identity of the Indo-Iranian Sacred Hallucinogen "Soma" and Its Legacy in Religion, Language and Middle Eastern Folklore. University of California Press, Berkeley, CA.
*Garza, Mercedes de la. 1990. ''Sueño y Allucinacíon en el Mundo Náhuatl y Maya''. Universidad Nac. Autónoma de México, Mexico City.
*Heim, R. 1967. ''Nouvelles Investigations sur les Champignons Hallucinogènes''. Éditions du Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle, Paris.
*Heim, R., and R.G. Wasson. 1958. ''Les Champignons Hallucinogènes du Mexique''. Éditions du Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle, Paris.
*Hernández, Francisco. 1651. ''Rerum Medicarum Novae Hispaniae Thesaurus, seu Plantarum, Animalium, Mineralium Mexicanorum Historia''. Rome.
*Hoffman, A. 1978. "A Challenging Question and My Answer." In Wasson, Hofmann, and Ruck ''The Road to Eleusis: Unveiling the Secret of the Mysteries‎''. Harcourt Brace Jovanovich, New York, NY. pp. 8-11.
*Johnson, Jean B. 1939a. "Some notes on the Mazatec." ''Revista Mexicana de Estudios Antropológicos'' 3: 142-156.
*Johnson, Jean B. 1939b. "The Elements of Mazatec Witchcraft." ''Etnologiska Studier'' 9: 128-150.
*Lascano, C. et al. 1967. "Estudios fitoquímico de la especie psicotomimética ''Ipomoea carnea''." ''Ciencias Naturales'' 9: 3.
*Lipp, Frank J. 1991. ''The Mixe of Oaxaca: Religion, Ritual and Healing''. University of Texas Press, Austin, TX.
*López-Austin, A. 1967. Terminos del Nahuallatolli. ''Historia Mexicana'' 17: 1-36
*Lowy, B. "New records of mushroom stones from Guatemala." ''Mycologia'' 63: 983-993.
*MacDougall, Tómas. 1960. "''Ipomea'' [''sic''] ''tricolor'' a hallucenogenic [''sic''] plant of the Zapotecs." ''Boletín del Centro de Investigaciones Antropológicas de México'' 6: 6-8.
*McKenna, T. 1992. ''Food of the Gods''. Bantam Books, New York, NY.
*Molina, A. de. 1571. ''Vocabulario en Lengua Castellana y Mexicana''. Mexico.
*Mylonas, G.E. 1961. ''Eleusis and the Eleusinian Mysteries''. Princeton University Press, Princeton, NJ.
*Naranjo, Plutarco. 1969. "Etnofarmacología de las plantas psicotrópicas de América." ''Terapía'' 24: 5-63.
*Newton, Joseph F. 1914. ''The Builders''. Macoy Publishing, New York, NY.
*Ott, Jonathan. 1978. "A brief history of hallucinogenic mushrooms." In Ott, J., and J. Bigwood (Eds.) ''Teonanácatl: Hallucinogenic Mushrooms of North America''. Madrona Publishers, Seattle, WA. pp. 5-22.
*Ott, Jonathan. 1996. ''Pharmacotheon'' (2nd ed). Natural Product Co., Kennewick, WA.
*Parsons, E.C. 1936. ''Mitla - Town of the Souls''. University of Chicago Press: Chicago, IL.
*Ponce, Pedro. 1984. ''Brief Relation of the Gods and Rites of Heathenism''. In Alarcón, H.R. de, 1984: ''Treatise on the Heathen Superstitions That Today Live Among the Indians Native to This New Spain''. University of Oklahoma Press, London, England. Translated and edited by Andrews, Richard J. and Ross Hassig. Original in Spanish circa 1629.
*Pope, H.G. 1969. “''Tabernanthe iboga'': An African narcotic plant of social importance” ''Economic Botany'' 23(2): 174-184.
*Rätsch, Christian. 2005. ''Encyclopedia of Psychoactive Plants''. Park Street Press: Rochester, VT. Translated by John R. Baker with Annabel Lee and Cornelia Ballent. Foreword by Albert Hofmann. Originally published in German, 1998. AT Verlag Aarau / Switzerland.
*Reichel-Dolmatoff, Gerardo. 1978. "The loom of life: A Kogi principle of integration." ''Journal of Latin American Lore'' 4: 5-27.
*Reichel-Dolmatoff, Gerardo. 1987. "The Great Mother and the Kogi universe: A concise overview." ''Journal of Latin American Lore'' 13: 73-113.
*Reko, Blas Pablo. 1919. "De los nombres botánicos Aztecas." ''El Mexico Antiguo'' 1(5): 115-157.
*Reko, Blas Pablo. 1929. "Alcaloides y glucósidos en plantas mexicanas." ''Memorial de la Sociedad Alzate'' 49: 412.
*Reko, Blas Pablo. 1934. "Das mexikanische Rauschgift Ololiuhqui." ''El México Antiguo'' 3(3-4): 1-7.
*Reko, Blas Pablo. 1945. ''Mitobotánica Zapoteca''. Privately published, Tacubaya, Mexico.
*Riedlinger, T.J. 1993. "Wasson's alternative candidates for soma." Journal of Psychoactive Drugs 25(2): 149-156.
*Ruck, C.A.P. 1978. "Solving the Eleusinian Mystery." In Wasson, Hofmann, and Ruck ''The Road to Eleusis: Unveiling the Secret of the Mysteries‎''. Harcourt Brace Jovanovich, New York, NY. pp. 12-18.
*Rudgley, Richard. 1998. Encyclopedia of Psychoactive Substances. Thomas Dunne Books, New York, NY.
*Sahagún, B. de. 1950-1969. ''Florentine Codex''. University of Utah Press, Salt Lake City, UT.
*Sahagún, Bernardino de. 1982. ''Historia General de las Casas de Nueva España''. Editorial Porrúa, México City, Mexico.
*Schlieffer, H. (Ed.). 1979. ''Narcotic Plants of the Old World: An Anthology of Texts from Ancient Times to the Present''. Lubrecht & Cramer, Monticello, NY.
*Schultes, Richard Evans. 1941. ''A Contribution to Our Knowledge of ''Rivea corymbosa'', the Narcotic ololiuqui of the Aztecs''. Harvard Botanical Museum, Cambridge, MA.
*Schultes, R.E. 1939. "The identification of teonanacatl, a narcotic Basidiomycete of the Aztecs." ''Botanical Museum Leaflets'' Harvard University 7: 37-54.
*Serna, Jacinto de la. 1656. ''Manual de Ministros de Indios para el Conocimiento de sus Idolatrias y Extirpación de Ellas''. Mexico City, Mexico.
*Valdéz, Leander J. 1987. "Studies of [i]Salvia divinorum[/i] (Lamiaceae), an hallucinogenic mint from the Sierra Mazateca in Oaxaca, Central Mexico." ''Economic Botany'' 41(2): 283-291.
*Wasson, R. Gordon. 1963. "Notes on the present status of ololiuqui and the other hallucinogens of Mexico." ''Botanical Museum Leaflets'' Harvard University 20(6): 161-193.
*Wasson, Gordon R. 1968. Soma: Divine Mushroom of Immortality. Harcourt Brace Jovanovich, New York, NY.
*Wasson, R. G. 1978. "The Wasson Road to Eleusis." In Wasson, Hofmann, and Ruck ''The Road to Eleusis: Unveiling the Secret of the Mysteries‎''. Harcourt Brace Jovanovich, New York, NY. pp. 2-7.
*Wasson, R. Gordon. 1972. "What was the Soma of the Aryans?" In Furst, Peter T. (Ed.) ''Flesh of the Gods''. Praeger Publishers, Richmond, VA. pp. 201-213.
*Wasson, R. Gordon. et al. 1974. ''María Sabina her Mazatec Mushroom Velada''. Harcourt Brace Jovanovich, New York, NY.
*Wasson, V.P., and R.G. Wasson. 1957. ''Mushrooms, Russia and History''. Pantheon Books, New York, NY.
*Weitlaner, Robert J. 1952. "Curaciones Mazatecas." ''Anales del Instituto Nacional de Antropología e Historia, México'' 4: 279-285.

</onlyinclude>

===== Research Notes =====
<onlyinclude>
[ ''Space reserved for notes from sources in the bibliography. Don't worry about organization; organizing a mess of notes is easy'' ]
</onlyinclude>

===== Books that have been suggested as useful =====

If you have one of these books, we'd appreciate if you could take very shorthand notes on the crucial details (mostly the where, what, and how) they provide on entheogen use in history

*Christian Rätsch - The Sacred Plants of our Ancestors ISBN 0-9720292-1-4
*Peter C. Rogers - Ultimate Truth, Book 1 ISBN 1438979681
*T. B. Roberts - Chemical Input—Religious Output: Entheogens
*T. B. Roberts (editor) - Psychoactive Sacramentals: Essays on Entheogens and Religion

History of Ethnobotanicals

2010-03-17T23:01:17Z

Entropymancer: /* The group consists of */

<noinclude>{{Nexus Activism Header|{{eBook}}}}</noinclude>
<onlyinclude>
===='''ii. [[History of Ethnobotanicals]]'''====

20-70 pages, [Evening Glory, Elpo, Bancopuma, SnozzleBerry, Entropymancer]
</onlyinclude>
The work on a thorough monograph concerning the history of ethnobotanical use has been started, see [http://dmt-nexus.com/forum/default.aspx?g=posts&t=9965 this thread]. The idea is to demonstrate the antiquity and pervasiveness of entheogen use and the integral role they played in the societies who used them. This monograph will be available in [[the Nexus eBook]].

Entropymancer will write the monograph with the help of the community. My thought is to divide it into two sections. The first will treat ancient use that we have archaeological of very old written records of; the second will treat the written records of the rediscovery of these ancient traditions by western cultures. A brief summary of relevant data on each plant that is mentioned will be included as an appendix.

===== The group consists of =====

'''Writer''': Entropymancer

'''Research''': Evening Glory, Elpo, SnozzleBerry, Entropymancer

'''Proofreading''': Bancopuma, SnozzleBerry

Please post in [http://dmt-nexus.com/forum/default.aspx?g=posts&t=9965 the mentioned forum thread] if you'd like to contribute! The more folks who help with the research, the quicker this thing will get written. There is a list of topics that we still need help researching in the thread.

'''Research Status:''' 26% complete.

Once the research phase is complete, composing the monograph will only take a matter of days.

'''Topics that we still need researchers for:''' Tobacco, tropane plants (datura, mandrake, belladonna, henbane), ''Trichocereus'' cacti, South American snuffs besides Anadenanthera and tobacco (virola/epena and the like)

----

'''Nexus eBook Structure:'''

+ Antiquity

+ The Era of Rediscovery

+ Appendix I: The Ethnobotanicals

===== Chapter Content =====
<onlyinclude>
[ ''Space reserved for chapter's content'' ]
</onlyinclude>

===== Bibliography =====
<onlyinclude>
*Acosta, José de. 1604. ''The Natural and Moral History of the Indies''. Val. Sims, London. Translated by Edward Grimston. Original in Spanish, published 1590 in Seville.
*Aguirre Beltrán, Gonzalo. 1955. ''Medicina y Magica''.Mexico D.F., Mexico.
*Alarcón, Hernando Ruiz de. 1984. ''Treatise on the Heathen Superstitions That Today Live Among the Indians Native to This New Spain''. University of Oklahoma Press, London, England. Translated and edited by Andrews, Richard J. and Ross Hassig. Original in Spanish, 1629. Includes Pedro Ponce's ''Brief Relation of the Gods and Rites of Heathenism''.
*Baumgartner, Daniela. 1994. "Das Priesterwesen der Kogi." ''Yearbook for ethnomedicine and the study of consciousness'' 1994 (3): 171-198.
*Boone, E.A. ''Codex Magliabechiano and the lost prototype of the Magliabechiano group''. University of California Press, Berkeley, CA.
*Borhegyi, S.F. de. 1961. "Miniature mushroom stones from Guatemala." ''American Antiquity'' 26: 498-504.
*Borhegyi, S.F. de. 1963. "Pre-Columbian pottery mushrooms from Mesoamerica." ''American Antiquity'' 28: 328-338.
*Cardenas, Juan de. 1591. ''De los problemas y secretes maravillosos de las Indias''. Mexico.
*Caso, A. 1963. "Representaciones de hongos en los códices." ''Estudios de Cultura Nahuatl''. Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City.
*Clavijero, Francisco Xavier. 1807. ''The History of Mexico: collected from Spanish and Mexican historians, from manuscripts and ancient paintings of the indians, illustrated by charts, and other copper plates, to wich are added, critical dissertations on the land, the animals, and inhabitants of Mexico''. Joyce Gold, London, England. Original in Spanish, published 1780 as ''La Historia Antigua de México''. Translated by Charles Cullen.
*Durán, Diego. 1977. ''Book of the Gods and Rites and the Ancient Calendar''. Civilization of the American Indian series (Vol. 102). University of Oklahoma Press, Norman, OK. (Translated and edited by Fernando Horcasitas and Doris Heyden. Original in Spanish, 1574-1576)
*Durán, Diego. 1967. ''Historia de las Indias de Nueva España e Islas de la Tierra Firme''. Editorial Porrúa: México City.
*Fernandez, J.W. 1972. “''Tabernanthe iboga'': Narcotic ecstasis and the work of the ancestors” In: Furst, Peter T. (Ed.) ''Flesh of the Gods: The Ritual Use of Hallucinogens''. Praeger, New York, NY. pp. 237-260.
*Fernandez, J.W. 1982. ''Bwiti: An Ethnography of the Religious Imagination of Africa''. Princeton University Press, Princeton, NJ.
*Garza, Mercedes de la. 1990. ''Sueño y Allucinacíon en el Mundo Náhuatl y Maya''. Universidad Nac. Autónoma de México, Mexico City.
*Heim, R. 1967. ''Nouvelles Investigations sur les Champignons Hallucinogènes''. Éditions du Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle, Paris.
*Heim, R., and R.G. Wasson. 1958. ''Les Champignons Hallucinogènes du Mexique''. Éditions du Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle, Paris.
*Hernández, Francisco. 1651. ''Rerum Medicarum Novae Hispaniae Thesaurus, seu Plantarum, Animalium, Mineralium Mexicanorum Historia''. Rome.
*Hoffman, A. 1978. "A Challenging Question and My Answer." In Wasson, Hofmann, and Ruck ''The Road to Eleusis: Unveiling the Secret of the Mysteries‎''. Harcourt Brace Jovanovich, New York, NY. pp. 8-11.
*Johnson, Jean B. 1939a. "Some notes on the Mazatec." ''Revista Mexicana de Estudios Antropológicos'' 3: 142-156.
*Johnson, Jean B. 1939b. "The Elements of Mazatec Witchcraft." ''Etnologiska Studier'' 9: 128-150.
*Lascano, C. et al. 1967. "Estudios fitoquímico de la especie psicotomimética ''Ipomoea carnea''." ''Ciencias Naturales'' 9: 3.
*Lipp, Frank J. 1991. ''The Mixe of Oaxaca: Religion, Ritual and Healing''. University of Texas Press, Austin, TX.
*López-Austin, A. 1967. Terminos del Nahuallatolli. ''Historia Mexicana'' 17: 1-36
*Lowy, B. "New records of mushroom stones from Guatemala." ''Mycologia'' 63: 983-993.
*MacDougall, Tómas. 1960. "''Ipomea'' [''sic''] ''tricolor'' a hallucenogenic [''sic''] plant of the Zapotecs." ''Boletín del Centro de Investigaciones Antropológicas de México'' 6: 6-8.
*McKenna, T. 1992. ''Food of the Gods''. Bantam Books, New York, NY.
*Molina, A. de. 1571. ''Vocabulario en Lengua Castellana y Mexicana''. Mexico.
*Mylonas, G.E. 1961. ''Eleusis and the Eleusinian Mysteries''. Princeton University Press, Princeton, NJ.
*Naranjo, Plutarco. 1969. "Etnofarmacología de las plantas psicotrópicas de América." ''Terapía'' 24: 5-63.
*Newton, Joseph F. 1914. ''The Builders''. Macoy Publishing, New York, NY.
*Ott, Jonathan. 1978. "A brief history of hallucinogenic mushrooms." In Ott, J., and J. Bigwood (Eds.) ''Teonanácatl: Hallucinogenic Mushrooms of North America''. Madrona Publishers, Seattle, WA. pp. 5-22.
*Ott, Jonathan. 1996. ''Pharmacotheon'' (2nd ed). Natural Product Co., Kennewick, WA.
*Parsons, E.C. 1936. ''Mitla - Town of the Souls''. University of Chicago Press: Chicago, IL.
*Ponce, Pedro. 1984. ''Brief Relation of the Gods and Rites of Heathenism''. In Alarcón, H.R. de, 1984: ''Treatise on the Heathen Superstitions That Today Live Among the Indians Native to This New Spain''. University of Oklahoma Press, London, England. Translated and edited by Andrews, Richard J. and Ross Hassig. Original in Spanish circa 1629.
*Pope, H.G. 1969. “''Tabernanthe iboga'': An African narcotic plant of social importance” ''Economic Botany'' 23(2): 174-184.
*Rätsch, Christian. 2005. ''Encyclopedia of Psychoactive Plants''. Park Street Press: Rochester, VT. Translated by John R. Baker with Annabel Lee and Cornelia Ballent. Foreword by Albert Hofmann. Originally published in German, 1998. AT Verlag Aarau / Switzerland.
*Reichel-Dolmatoff, Gerardo. 1978. "The loom of life: A Kogi principle of integration." ''Journal of Latin American Lore'' 4: 5-27.
*Reichel-Dolmatoff, Gerardo. 1987. "The Great Mother and the Kogi universe: A concise overview." ''Journal of Latin American Lore'' 13: 73-113.
*Reko, Blas Pablo. 1919. "De los nombres botánicos Aztecas." ''El Mexico Antiguo'' 1(5): 115-157.
*Reko, Blas Pablo. 1929. "Alcaloides y glucósidos en plantas mexicanas." ''Memorial de la Sociedad Alzate'' 49: 412.
*Reko, Blas Pablo. 1934. "Das mexikanische Rauschgift Ololiuhqui." ''El México Antiguo'' 3(3-4): 1-7.
*Reko, Blas Pablo. 1945. ''Mitobotánica Zapoteca''. Privately published, Tacubaya, Mexico.
*Ruck, C.A.P. 1978. "Solving the Eleusinian Mystery." In Wasson, Hofmann, and Ruck ''The Road to Eleusis: Unveiling the Secret of the Mysteries‎''. Harcourt Brace Jovanovich, New York, NY. pp. 12-18.
*Sahagún, B. de. 1950-1969. ''Florentine Codex''. University of Utah Press, Salt Lake City, UT.
*Sahagún, Bernardino de. 1982. ''Historia General de las Casas de Nueva España''. Editorial Porrúa, México City, Mexico.
*Schlieffer, H. (Ed.). 1979. ''Narcotic Plants of the Old World: An Anthology of Texts from Ancient Times to the Present''. Lubrecht & Cramer, Monticello, NY.
*Schultes, Richard Evans. 1941. ''A Contribution to Our Knowledge of ''Rivea corymbosa'', the Narcotic ololiuqui of the Aztecs''. Harvard Botanical Museum, Cambridge, MA.
*Schultes, R.E. 1939. "The identification of teonanacatl, a narcotic Basidiomycete of the Aztecs." ''Botanical Museum Leaflets'' Harvard University 7: 37-54.
*Serna, Jacinto de la. 1656. ''Manual de Ministros de Indios para el Conocimiento de sus Idolatrias y Extirpación de Ellas''. Mexico City, Mexico.
*Valdéz, Leander J. 1987. "Studies of [i]Salvia divinorum[/i] (Lamiaceae), an hallucinogenic mint from the Sierra Mazateca in Oaxaca, Central Mexico." ''Economic Botany'' 41(2): 283-291.
*Wasson, R. Gordon. 1963. "Notes on the present status of ololiuqui and the other hallucinogens of Mexico." ''Botanical Museum Leaflets'' Harvard University 20(6): 161-193.
*Wasson, R. G. 1978. "The Wasson Road to Eleusis." In Wasson, Hofmann, and Ruck ''The Road to Eleusis: Unveiling the Secret of the Mysteries‎''. Harcourt Brace Jovanovich, New York, NY. pp. 2-7.
*Wasson, R. Gordon. et al. 1974. ''María Sabina her Mazatec Mushroom Velada''. Harcourt Brace Jovanovich, New York, NY.
*Wasson, V.P., and R.G. Wasson. 1957. ''Mushrooms, Russia and History''. Pantheon Books, New York, NY.
*Weitlaner, Robert J. 1952. "Curaciones Mazatecas." ''Anales del Instituto Nacional de Antropología e Historia, México'' 4: 279-285.

</onlyinclude>

===== Research Notes =====
<onlyinclude>
[ ''Space reserved for notes from sources in the bibliography. Don't worry about organization; organizing a mess of notes is easy'' ]
</onlyinclude>

===== Books that have been suggested as useful =====

If you have one of these books, we'd appreciate if you could take very shorthand notes on the crucial details (mostly the where, what, and how) they provide on entheogen use in history

*Christian Rätsch - The Sacred Plants of our Ancestors ISBN 0-9720292-1-4
*Peter C. Rogers - Ultimate Truth, Book 1 ISBN 1438979681
*T. B. Roberts - Chemical Input—Religious Output: Entheogens
*T. B. Roberts (editor) - Psychoactive Sacramentals: Essays on Entheogens and Religion

History of Ethnobotanicals

2010-03-17T23:00:57Z

Entropymancer: /* The group consists of */

<noinclude>{{Nexus Activism Header|{{eBook}}}}</noinclude>
<onlyinclude>
===='''ii. [[History of Ethnobotanicals]]'''====

20-70 pages, [Evening Glory, Elpo, Bancopuma, SnozzleBerry, Entropymancer]
</onlyinclude>
The work on a thorough monograph concerning the history of ethnobotanical use has been started, see [http://dmt-nexus.com/forum/default.aspx?g=posts&t=9965 this thread]. The idea is to demonstrate the antiquity and pervasiveness of entheogen use and the integral role they played in the societies who used them. This monograph will be available in [[the Nexus eBook]].

Entropymancer will write the monograph with the help of the community. My thought is to divide it into two sections. The first will treat ancient use that we have archaeological of very old written records of; the second will treat the written records of the rediscovery of these ancient traditions by western cultures. A brief summary of relevant data on each plant that is mentioned will be included as an appendix.

===== The group consists of =====

'''Writer''': Entropymancer

'''Research''': Evening Glory, Elpo, SnozzleBerry, Entropymancer

'''Proofreading''': Bancopuma, SnozzleBerry

Please post in [http://dmt-nexus.com/forum/default.aspx?g=posts&t=9965 the mentioned forum thread] if you'd like to contribute! The more folks who help with the research, the quicker this thing will get written. There is a list of topics that we still need help researching in the thread.

'''Research Status:''' 26% complete.

Once the research phase is complete, composing the monograph will only take a matter of days.

'''Topics that we still need researchers for: Tobacco, tropane plants (datura, mandrake, belladonna, henbane), ''Trichocereus'' cacti, South American snuffs besides Anadenanthera and tobacco (virola/epena and the like)

----

'''Nexus eBook Structure:'''

+ Antiquity

+ The Era of Rediscovery

+ Appendix I: The Ethnobotanicals

===== Chapter Content =====
<onlyinclude>
[ ''Space reserved for chapter's content'' ]
</onlyinclude>

===== Bibliography =====
<onlyinclude>
*Acosta, José de. 1604. ''The Natural and Moral History of the Indies''. Val. Sims, London. Translated by Edward Grimston. Original in Spanish, published 1590 in Seville.
*Aguirre Beltrán, Gonzalo. 1955. ''Medicina y Magica''.Mexico D.F., Mexico.
*Alarcón, Hernando Ruiz de. 1984. ''Treatise on the Heathen Superstitions That Today Live Among the Indians Native to This New Spain''. University of Oklahoma Press, London, England. Translated and edited by Andrews, Richard J. and Ross Hassig. Original in Spanish, 1629. Includes Pedro Ponce's ''Brief Relation of the Gods and Rites of Heathenism''.
*Baumgartner, Daniela. 1994. "Das Priesterwesen der Kogi." ''Yearbook for ethnomedicine and the study of consciousness'' 1994 (3): 171-198.
*Boone, E.A. ''Codex Magliabechiano and the lost prototype of the Magliabechiano group''. University of California Press, Berkeley, CA.
*Borhegyi, S.F. de. 1961. "Miniature mushroom stones from Guatemala." ''American Antiquity'' 26: 498-504.
*Borhegyi, S.F. de. 1963. "Pre-Columbian pottery mushrooms from Mesoamerica." ''American Antiquity'' 28: 328-338.
*Cardenas, Juan de. 1591. ''De los problemas y secretes maravillosos de las Indias''. Mexico.
*Caso, A. 1963. "Representaciones de hongos en los códices." ''Estudios de Cultura Nahuatl''. Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City.
*Clavijero, Francisco Xavier. 1807. ''The History of Mexico: collected from Spanish and Mexican historians, from manuscripts and ancient paintings of the indians, illustrated by charts, and other copper plates, to wich are added, critical dissertations on the land, the animals, and inhabitants of Mexico''. Joyce Gold, London, England. Original in Spanish, published 1780 as ''La Historia Antigua de México''. Translated by Charles Cullen.
*Durán, Diego. 1977. ''Book of the Gods and Rites and the Ancient Calendar''. Civilization of the American Indian series (Vol. 102). University of Oklahoma Press, Norman, OK. (Translated and edited by Fernando Horcasitas and Doris Heyden. Original in Spanish, 1574-1576)
*Durán, Diego. 1967. ''Historia de las Indias de Nueva España e Islas de la Tierra Firme''. Editorial Porrúa: México City.
*Fernandez, J.W. 1972. “''Tabernanthe iboga'': Narcotic ecstasis and the work of the ancestors” In: Furst, Peter T. (Ed.) ''Flesh of the Gods: The Ritual Use of Hallucinogens''. Praeger, New York, NY. pp. 237-260.
*Fernandez, J.W. 1982. ''Bwiti: An Ethnography of the Religious Imagination of Africa''. Princeton University Press, Princeton, NJ.
*Garza, Mercedes de la. 1990. ''Sueño y Allucinacíon en el Mundo Náhuatl y Maya''. Universidad Nac. Autónoma de México, Mexico City.
*Heim, R. 1967. ''Nouvelles Investigations sur les Champignons Hallucinogènes''. Éditions du Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle, Paris.
*Heim, R., and R.G. Wasson. 1958. ''Les Champignons Hallucinogènes du Mexique''. Éditions du Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle, Paris.
*Hernández, Francisco. 1651. ''Rerum Medicarum Novae Hispaniae Thesaurus, seu Plantarum, Animalium, Mineralium Mexicanorum Historia''. Rome.
*Hoffman, A. 1978. "A Challenging Question and My Answer." In Wasson, Hofmann, and Ruck ''The Road to Eleusis: Unveiling the Secret of the Mysteries‎''. Harcourt Brace Jovanovich, New York, NY. pp. 8-11.
*Johnson, Jean B. 1939a. "Some notes on the Mazatec." ''Revista Mexicana de Estudios Antropológicos'' 3: 142-156.
*Johnson, Jean B. 1939b. "The Elements of Mazatec Witchcraft." ''Etnologiska Studier'' 9: 128-150.
*Lascano, C. et al. 1967. "Estudios fitoquímico de la especie psicotomimética ''Ipomoea carnea''." ''Ciencias Naturales'' 9: 3.
*Lipp, Frank J. 1991. ''The Mixe of Oaxaca: Religion, Ritual and Healing''. University of Texas Press, Austin, TX.
*López-Austin, A. 1967. Terminos del Nahuallatolli. ''Historia Mexicana'' 17: 1-36
*Lowy, B. "New records of mushroom stones from Guatemala." ''Mycologia'' 63: 983-993.
*MacDougall, Tómas. 1960. "''Ipomea'' [''sic''] ''tricolor'' a hallucenogenic [''sic''] plant of the Zapotecs." ''Boletín del Centro de Investigaciones Antropológicas de México'' 6: 6-8.
*McKenna, T. 1992. ''Food of the Gods''. Bantam Books, New York, NY.
*Molina, A. de. 1571. ''Vocabulario en Lengua Castellana y Mexicana''. Mexico.
*Mylonas, G.E. 1961. ''Eleusis and the Eleusinian Mysteries''. Princeton University Press, Princeton, NJ.
*Naranjo, Plutarco. 1969. "Etnofarmacología de las plantas psicotrópicas de América." ''Terapía'' 24: 5-63.
*Newton, Joseph F. 1914. ''The Builders''. Macoy Publishing, New York, NY.
*Ott, Jonathan. 1978. "A brief history of hallucinogenic mushrooms." In Ott, J., and J. Bigwood (Eds.) ''Teonanácatl: Hallucinogenic Mushrooms of North America''. Madrona Publishers, Seattle, WA. pp. 5-22.
*Ott, Jonathan. 1996. ''Pharmacotheon'' (2nd ed). Natural Product Co., Kennewick, WA.
*Parsons, E.C. 1936. ''Mitla - Town of the Souls''. University of Chicago Press: Chicago, IL.
*Ponce, Pedro. 1984. ''Brief Relation of the Gods and Rites of Heathenism''. In Alarcón, H.R. de, 1984: ''Treatise on the Heathen Superstitions That Today Live Among the Indians Native to This New Spain''. University of Oklahoma Press, London, England. Translated and edited by Andrews, Richard J. and Ross Hassig. Original in Spanish circa 1629.
*Pope, H.G. 1969. “''Tabernanthe iboga'': An African narcotic plant of social importance” ''Economic Botany'' 23(2): 174-184.
*Rätsch, Christian. 2005. ''Encyclopedia of Psychoactive Plants''. Park Street Press: Rochester, VT. Translated by John R. Baker with Annabel Lee and Cornelia Ballent. Foreword by Albert Hofmann. Originally published in German, 1998. AT Verlag Aarau / Switzerland.
*Reichel-Dolmatoff, Gerardo. 1978. "The loom of life: A Kogi principle of integration." ''Journal of Latin American Lore'' 4: 5-27.
*Reichel-Dolmatoff, Gerardo. 1987. "The Great Mother and the Kogi universe: A concise overview." ''Journal of Latin American Lore'' 13: 73-113.
*Reko, Blas Pablo. 1919. "De los nombres botánicos Aztecas." ''El Mexico Antiguo'' 1(5): 115-157.
*Reko, Blas Pablo. 1929. "Alcaloides y glucósidos en plantas mexicanas." ''Memorial de la Sociedad Alzate'' 49: 412.
*Reko, Blas Pablo. 1934. "Das mexikanische Rauschgift Ololiuhqui." ''El México Antiguo'' 3(3-4): 1-7.
*Reko, Blas Pablo. 1945. ''Mitobotánica Zapoteca''. Privately published, Tacubaya, Mexico.
*Ruck, C.A.P. 1978. "Solving the Eleusinian Mystery." In Wasson, Hofmann, and Ruck ''The Road to Eleusis: Unveiling the Secret of the Mysteries‎''. Harcourt Brace Jovanovich, New York, NY. pp. 12-18.
*Sahagún, B. de. 1950-1969. ''Florentine Codex''. University of Utah Press, Salt Lake City, UT.
*Sahagún, Bernardino de. 1982. ''Historia General de las Casas de Nueva España''. Editorial Porrúa, México City, Mexico.
*Schlieffer, H. (Ed.). 1979. ''Narcotic Plants of the Old World: An Anthology of Texts from Ancient Times to the Present''. Lubrecht & Cramer, Monticello, NY.
*Schultes, Richard Evans. 1941. ''A Contribution to Our Knowledge of ''Rivea corymbosa'', the Narcotic ololiuqui of the Aztecs''. Harvard Botanical Museum, Cambridge, MA.
*Schultes, R.E. 1939. "The identification of teonanacatl, a narcotic Basidiomycete of the Aztecs." ''Botanical Museum Leaflets'' Harvard University 7: 37-54.
*Serna, Jacinto de la. 1656. ''Manual de Ministros de Indios para el Conocimiento de sus Idolatrias y Extirpación de Ellas''. Mexico City, Mexico.
*Valdéz, Leander J. 1987. "Studies of [i]Salvia divinorum[/i] (Lamiaceae), an hallucinogenic mint from the Sierra Mazateca in Oaxaca, Central Mexico." ''Economic Botany'' 41(2): 283-291.
*Wasson, R. Gordon. 1963. "Notes on the present status of ololiuqui and the other hallucinogens of Mexico." ''Botanical Museum Leaflets'' Harvard University 20(6): 161-193.
*Wasson, R. G. 1978. "The Wasson Road to Eleusis." In Wasson, Hofmann, and Ruck ''The Road to Eleusis: Unveiling the Secret of the Mysteries‎''. Harcourt Brace Jovanovich, New York, NY. pp. 2-7.
*Wasson, R. Gordon. et al. 1974. ''María Sabina her Mazatec Mushroom Velada''. Harcourt Brace Jovanovich, New York, NY.
*Wasson, V.P., and R.G. Wasson. 1957. ''Mushrooms, Russia and History''. Pantheon Books, New York, NY.
*Weitlaner, Robert J. 1952. "Curaciones Mazatecas." ''Anales del Instituto Nacional de Antropología e Historia, México'' 4: 279-285.

</onlyinclude>

===== Research Notes =====
<onlyinclude>
[ ''Space reserved for notes from sources in the bibliography. Don't worry about organization; organizing a mess of notes is easy'' ]
</onlyinclude>

===== Books that have been suggested as useful =====

If you have one of these books, we'd appreciate if you could take very shorthand notes on the crucial details (mostly the where, what, and how) they provide on entheogen use in history

*Christian Rätsch - The Sacred Plants of our Ancestors ISBN 0-9720292-1-4
*Peter C. Rogers - Ultimate Truth, Book 1 ISBN 1438979681
*T. B. Roberts - Chemical Input—Religious Output: Entheogens
*T. B. Roberts (editor) - Psychoactive Sacramentals: Essays on Entheogens and Religion

History of Ethnobotanicals

2010-03-17T21:31:38Z

Entropymancer: /* The group consists of */

<noinclude>{{Nexus Activism Header|{{eBook}}}}</noinclude>
<onlyinclude>
===='''ii. [[History of Ethnobotanicals]]'''====

20-70 pages, [Evening Glory, Elpo, Bancopuma, SnozzleBerry, Entropymancer]
</onlyinclude>
The work on a thorough monograph concerning the history of ethnobotanical use has been started, see [http://dmt-nexus.com/forum/default.aspx?g=posts&t=9965 this thread]. The idea is to demonstrate the antiquity and pervasiveness of entheogen use and the integral role they played in the societies who used them. This monograph will be available in [[the Nexus eBook]].

Entropymancer will write the monograph with the help of the community. My thought is to divide it into two sections. The first will treat ancient use that we have archaeological of very old written records of; the second will treat the written records of the rediscovery of these ancient traditions by western cultures. A brief summary of relevant data on each plant that is mentioned will be included as an appendix.

===== The group consists of =====

'''Writer''': Entropymancer

'''Research''': Evening Glory, Elpo, SnozzleBerry, Entropymancer

'''Proofreading''': Bancopuma, SnozzleBerry

Please post in [http://dmt-nexus.com/forum/default.aspx?g=posts&t=9965 the mentioned forum thread] if you'd like to contribute! The more folks who help with the research, the quicker this thing will get written. There is a list of topics that we still need help researching in the thread.

'''Research Status:''' 26% complete.

Once the research phase is complete, composing the monograph will only take a matter of days.

----

'''Nexus eBook Structure:'''

+ Antiquity

+ The Era of Rediscovery

+ Appendix I: The Ethnobotanicals

===== Chapter Content =====
<onlyinclude>
[ ''Space reserved for chapter's content'' ]
</onlyinclude>

===== Bibliography =====
<onlyinclude>
*Acosta, José de. 1604. ''The Natural and Moral History of the Indies''. Val. Sims, London. Translated by Edward Grimston. Original in Spanish, published 1590 in Seville.
*Aguirre Beltrán, Gonzalo. 1955. ''Medicina y Magica''.Mexico D.F., Mexico.
*Alarcón, Hernando Ruiz de. 1984. ''Treatise on the Heathen Superstitions That Today Live Among the Indians Native to This New Spain''. University of Oklahoma Press, London, England. Translated and edited by Andrews, Richard J. and Ross Hassig. Original in Spanish, 1629. Includes Pedro Ponce's ''Brief Relation of the Gods and Rites of Heathenism''.
*Baumgartner, Daniela. 1994. "Das Priesterwesen der Kogi." ''Yearbook for ethnomedicine and the study of consciousness'' 1994 (3): 171-198.
*Boone, E.A. ''Codex Magliabechiano and the lost prototype of the Magliabechiano group''. University of California Press, Berkeley, CA.
*Borhegyi, S.F. de. 1961. "Miniature mushroom stones from Guatemala." ''American Antiquity'' 26: 498-504.
*Borhegyi, S.F. de. 1963. "Pre-Columbian pottery mushrooms from Mesoamerica." ''American Antiquity'' 28: 328-338.
*Cardenas, Juan de. 1591. ''De los problemas y secretes maravillosos de las Indias''. Mexico.
*Caso, A. 1963. "Representaciones de hongos en los códices." ''Estudios de Cultura Nahuatl''. Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City.
*Clavijero, Francisco Xavier. 1807. ''The History of Mexico: collected from Spanish and Mexican historians, from manuscripts and ancient paintings of the indians, illustrated by charts, and other copper plates, to wich are added, critical dissertations on the land, the animals, and inhabitants of Mexico''. Joyce Gold, London, England. Original in Spanish, published 1780 as ''La Historia Antigua de México''. Translated by Charles Cullen.
*Durán, Diego. 1977. ''Book of the Gods and Rites and the Ancient Calendar''. Civilization of the American Indian series (Vol. 102). University of Oklahoma Press, Norman, OK. (Translated and edited by Fernando Horcasitas and Doris Heyden. Original in Spanish, 1574-1576)
*Durán, Diego. 1967. ''Historia de las Indias de Nueva España e Islas de la Tierra Firme''. Editorial Porrúa: México City.
*Fernandez, J.W. 1972. “''Tabernanthe iboga'': Narcotic ecstasis and the work of the ancestors” In: Furst, Peter T. (Ed.) ''Flesh of the Gods: The Ritual Use of Hallucinogens''. Praeger, New York, NY. pp. 237-260.
*Fernandez, J.W. 1982. ''Bwiti: An Ethnography of the Religious Imagination of Africa''. Princeton University Press, Princeton, NJ.
*Garza, Mercedes de la. 1990. ''Sueño y Allucinacíon en el Mundo Náhuatl y Maya''. Universidad Nac. Autónoma de México, Mexico City.
*Heim, R. 1967. ''Nouvelles Investigations sur les Champignons Hallucinogènes''. Éditions du Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle, Paris.
*Heim, R., and R.G. Wasson. 1958. ''Les Champignons Hallucinogènes du Mexique''. Éditions du Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle, Paris.
*Hernández, Francisco. 1651. ''Rerum Medicarum Novae Hispaniae Thesaurus, seu Plantarum, Animalium, Mineralium Mexicanorum Historia''. Rome.
*Hoffman, A. 1978. "A Challenging Question and My Answer." In Wasson, Hofmann, and Ruck ''The Road to Eleusis: Unveiling the Secret of the Mysteries‎''. Harcourt Brace Jovanovich, New York, NY. pp. 8-11.
*Johnson, Jean B. 1939a. "Some notes on the Mazatec." ''Revista Mexicana de Estudios Antropológicos'' 3: 142-156.
*Johnson, Jean B. 1939b. "The Elements of Mazatec Witchcraft." ''Etnologiska Studier'' 9: 128-150.
*Lascano, C. et al. 1967. "Estudios fitoquímico de la especie psicotomimética ''Ipomoea carnea''." ''Ciencias Naturales'' 9: 3.
*Lipp, Frank J. 1991. ''The Mixe of Oaxaca: Religion, Ritual and Healing''. University of Texas Press, Austin, TX.
*López-Austin, A. 1967. Terminos del Nahuallatolli. ''Historia Mexicana'' 17: 1-36
*Lowy, B. "New records of mushroom stones from Guatemala." ''Mycologia'' 63: 983-993.
*MacDougall, Tómas. 1960. "''Ipomea'' [''sic''] ''tricolor'' a hallucenogenic [''sic''] plant of the Zapotecs." ''Boletín del Centro de Investigaciones Antropológicas de México'' 6: 6-8.
*McKenna, T. 1992. ''Food of the Gods''. Bantam Books, New York, NY.
*Molina, A. de. 1571. ''Vocabulario en Lengua Castellana y Mexicana''. Mexico.
*Mylonas, G.E. 1961. ''Eleusis and the Eleusinian Mysteries''. Princeton University Press, Princeton, NJ.
*Naranjo, Plutarco. 1969. "Etnofarmacología de las plantas psicotrópicas de América." ''Terapía'' 24: 5-63.
*Newton, Joseph F. 1914. ''The Builders''. Macoy Publishing, New York, NY.
*Ott, Jonathan. 1978. "A brief history of hallucinogenic mushrooms." In Ott, J., and J. Bigwood (Eds.) ''Teonanácatl: Hallucinogenic Mushrooms of North America''. Madrona Publishers, Seattle, WA. pp. 5-22.
*Ott, Jonathan. 1996. ''Pharmacotheon'' (2nd ed). Natural Product Co., Kennewick, WA.
*Parsons, E.C. 1936. ''Mitla - Town of the Souls''. University of Chicago Press: Chicago, IL.
*Ponce, Pedro. 1984. ''Brief Relation of the Gods and Rites of Heathenism''. In Alarcón, H.R. de, 1984: ''Treatise on the Heathen Superstitions That Today Live Among the Indians Native to This New Spain''. University of Oklahoma Press, London, England. Translated and edited by Andrews, Richard J. and Ross Hassig. Original in Spanish circa 1629.
*Pope, H.G. 1969. “''Tabernanthe iboga'': An African narcotic plant of social importance” ''Economic Botany'' 23(2): 174-184.
*Rätsch, Christian. 2005. ''Encyclopedia of Psychoactive Plants''. Park Street Press: Rochester, VT. Translated by John R. Baker with Annabel Lee and Cornelia Ballent. Foreword by Albert Hofmann. Originally published in German, 1998. AT Verlag Aarau / Switzerland.
*Reichel-Dolmatoff, Gerardo. 1978. "The loom of life: A Kogi principle of integration." ''Journal of Latin American Lore'' 4: 5-27.
*Reichel-Dolmatoff, Gerardo. 1987. "The Great Mother and the Kogi universe: A concise overview." ''Journal of Latin American Lore'' 13: 73-113.
*Reko, Blas Pablo. 1919. "De los nombres botánicos Aztecas." ''El Mexico Antiguo'' 1(5): 115-157.
*Reko, Blas Pablo. 1929. "Alcaloides y glucósidos en plantas mexicanas." ''Memorial de la Sociedad Alzate'' 49: 412.
*Reko, Blas Pablo. 1934. "Das mexikanische Rauschgift Ololiuhqui." ''El México Antiguo'' 3(3-4): 1-7.
*Reko, Blas Pablo. 1945. ''Mitobotánica Zapoteca''. Privately published, Tacubaya, Mexico.
*Ruck, C.A.P. 1978. "Solving the Eleusinian Mystery." In Wasson, Hofmann, and Ruck ''The Road to Eleusis: Unveiling the Secret of the Mysteries‎''. Harcourt Brace Jovanovich, New York, NY. pp. 12-18.
*Sahagún, B. de. 1950-1969. ''Florentine Codex''. University of Utah Press, Salt Lake City, UT.
*Sahagún, Bernardino de. 1982. ''Historia General de las Casas de Nueva España''. Editorial Porrúa, México City, Mexico.
*Schlieffer, H. (Ed.). 1979. ''Narcotic Plants of the Old World: An Anthology of Texts from Ancient Times to the Present''. Lubrecht & Cramer, Monticello, NY.
*Schultes, Richard Evans. 1941. ''A Contribution to Our Knowledge of ''Rivea corymbosa'', the Narcotic ololiuqui of the Aztecs''. Harvard Botanical Museum, Cambridge, MA.
*Schultes, R.E. 1939. "The identification of teonanacatl, a narcotic Basidiomycete of the Aztecs." ''Botanical Museum Leaflets'' Harvard University 7: 37-54.
*Serna, Jacinto de la. 1656. ''Manual de Ministros de Indios para el Conocimiento de sus Idolatrias y Extirpación de Ellas''. Mexico City, Mexico.
*Valdéz, Leander J. 1987. "Studies of [i]Salvia divinorum[/i] (Lamiaceae), an hallucinogenic mint from the Sierra Mazateca in Oaxaca, Central Mexico." ''Economic Botany'' 41(2): 283-291.
*Wasson, R. Gordon. 1963. "Notes on the present status of ololiuqui and the other hallucinogens of Mexico." ''Botanical Museum Leaflets'' Harvard University 20(6): 161-193.
*Wasson, R. G. 1978. "The Wasson Road to Eleusis." In Wasson, Hofmann, and Ruck ''The Road to Eleusis: Unveiling the Secret of the Mysteries‎''. Harcourt Brace Jovanovich, New York, NY. pp. 2-7.
*Wasson, R. Gordon. et al. 1974. ''María Sabina her Mazatec Mushroom Velada''. Harcourt Brace Jovanovich, New York, NY.
*Wasson, V.P., and R.G. Wasson. 1957. ''Mushrooms, Russia and History''. Pantheon Books, New York, NY.
*Weitlaner, Robert J. 1952. "Curaciones Mazatecas." ''Anales del Instituto Nacional de Antropología e Historia, México'' 4: 279-285.

</onlyinclude>

===== Research Notes =====
<onlyinclude>
[ ''Space reserved for notes from sources in the bibliography. Don't worry about organization; organizing a mess of notes is easy'' ]
</onlyinclude>

===== Books that have been suggested as useful =====

If you have one of these books, we'd appreciate if you could take very shorthand notes on the crucial details (mostly the where, what, and how) they provide on entheogen use in history

*Christian Rätsch - The Sacred Plants of our Ancestors ISBN 0-9720292-1-4
*Peter C. Rogers - Ultimate Truth, Book 1 ISBN 1438979681
*T. B. Roberts - Chemical Input—Religious Output: Entheogens
*T. B. Roberts (editor) - Psychoactive Sacramentals: Essays on Entheogens and Religion

History of Ethnobotanicals

2010-03-17T21:30:27Z

Entropymancer: /* ii. History of Ethnobotanicals */

<noinclude>{{Nexus Activism Header|{{eBook}}}}</noinclude>
<onlyinclude>
===='''ii. [[History of Ethnobotanicals]]'''====

20-70 pages, [Evening Glory, Elpo, Bancopuma, SnozzleBerry, Entropymancer]
</onlyinclude>
The work on a thorough monograph concerning the history of ethnobotanical use has been started, see [http://dmt-nexus.com/forum/default.aspx?g=posts&t=9965 this thread]. The idea is to demonstrate the antiquity and pervasiveness of entheogen use and the integral role they played in the societies who used them. This monograph will be available in [[the Nexus eBook]].

Entropymancer will write the monograph with the help of the community. My thought is to divide it into two sections. The first will treat ancient use that we have archaeological of very old written records of; the second will treat the written records of the rediscovery of these ancient traditions by western cultures. A brief summary of relevant data on each plant that is mentioned will be included as an appendix.

===== The group consists of =====

'''Writer''': Entropymancer

'''Research''': Evening Glory, Elpo, SnozzleBerry, Entropymancer

'''Proofreading''': Bancopuma, SnozzleBerry

Please post in [http://dmt-nexus.com/forum/default.aspx?g=posts&t=9965 the mentioned forum thread] if you'd like to contribute! The more folks who help with the research, the quicker this thing will get written.

'''Research Status:''' 26% complete
Once the research phase is complete, composing the monograph will only take a matter of days.

----

'''Nexus eBook Structure:'''

+ Antiquity

+ The Era of Rediscovery

+ Appendix I: The Ethnobotanicals

===== Chapter Content =====
<onlyinclude>
[ ''Space reserved for chapter's content'' ]
</onlyinclude>

===== Bibliography =====
<onlyinclude>
*Acosta, José de. 1604. ''The Natural and Moral History of the Indies''. Val. Sims, London. Translated by Edward Grimston. Original in Spanish, published 1590 in Seville.
*Aguirre Beltrán, Gonzalo. 1955. ''Medicina y Magica''.Mexico D.F., Mexico.
*Alarcón, Hernando Ruiz de. 1984. ''Treatise on the Heathen Superstitions That Today Live Among the Indians Native to This New Spain''. University of Oklahoma Press, London, England. Translated and edited by Andrews, Richard J. and Ross Hassig. Original in Spanish, 1629. Includes Pedro Ponce's ''Brief Relation of the Gods and Rites of Heathenism''.
*Baumgartner, Daniela. 1994. "Das Priesterwesen der Kogi." ''Yearbook for ethnomedicine and the study of consciousness'' 1994 (3): 171-198.
*Boone, E.A. ''Codex Magliabechiano and the lost prototype of the Magliabechiano group''. University of California Press, Berkeley, CA.
*Borhegyi, S.F. de. 1961. "Miniature mushroom stones from Guatemala." ''American Antiquity'' 26: 498-504.
*Borhegyi, S.F. de. 1963. "Pre-Columbian pottery mushrooms from Mesoamerica." ''American Antiquity'' 28: 328-338.
*Cardenas, Juan de. 1591. ''De los problemas y secretes maravillosos de las Indias''. Mexico.
*Caso, A. 1963. "Representaciones de hongos en los códices." ''Estudios de Cultura Nahuatl''. Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City.
*Clavijero, Francisco Xavier. 1807. ''The History of Mexico: collected from Spanish and Mexican historians, from manuscripts and ancient paintings of the indians, illustrated by charts, and other copper plates, to wich are added, critical dissertations on the land, the animals, and inhabitants of Mexico''. Joyce Gold, London, England. Original in Spanish, published 1780 as ''La Historia Antigua de México''. Translated by Charles Cullen.
*Durán, Diego. 1977. ''Book of the Gods and Rites and the Ancient Calendar''. Civilization of the American Indian series (Vol. 102). University of Oklahoma Press, Norman, OK. (Translated and edited by Fernando Horcasitas and Doris Heyden. Original in Spanish, 1574-1576)
*Durán, Diego. 1967. ''Historia de las Indias de Nueva España e Islas de la Tierra Firme''. Editorial Porrúa: México City.
*Fernandez, J.W. 1972. “''Tabernanthe iboga'': Narcotic ecstasis and the work of the ancestors” In: Furst, Peter T. (Ed.) ''Flesh of the Gods: The Ritual Use of Hallucinogens''. Praeger, New York, NY. pp. 237-260.
*Fernandez, J.W. 1982. ''Bwiti: An Ethnography of the Religious Imagination of Africa''. Princeton University Press, Princeton, NJ.
*Garza, Mercedes de la. 1990. ''Sueño y Allucinacíon en el Mundo Náhuatl y Maya''. Universidad Nac. Autónoma de México, Mexico City.
*Heim, R. 1967. ''Nouvelles Investigations sur les Champignons Hallucinogènes''. Éditions du Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle, Paris.
*Heim, R., and R.G. Wasson. 1958. ''Les Champignons Hallucinogènes du Mexique''. Éditions du Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle, Paris.
*Hernández, Francisco. 1651. ''Rerum Medicarum Novae Hispaniae Thesaurus, seu Plantarum, Animalium, Mineralium Mexicanorum Historia''. Rome.
*Hoffman, A. 1978. "A Challenging Question and My Answer." In Wasson, Hofmann, and Ruck ''The Road to Eleusis: Unveiling the Secret of the Mysteries‎''. Harcourt Brace Jovanovich, New York, NY. pp. 8-11.
*Johnson, Jean B. 1939a. "Some notes on the Mazatec." ''Revista Mexicana de Estudios Antropológicos'' 3: 142-156.
*Johnson, Jean B. 1939b. "The Elements of Mazatec Witchcraft." ''Etnologiska Studier'' 9: 128-150.
*Lascano, C. et al. 1967. "Estudios fitoquímico de la especie psicotomimética ''Ipomoea carnea''." ''Ciencias Naturales'' 9: 3.
*Lipp, Frank J. 1991. ''The Mixe of Oaxaca: Religion, Ritual and Healing''. University of Texas Press, Austin, TX.
*López-Austin, A. 1967. Terminos del Nahuallatolli. ''Historia Mexicana'' 17: 1-36
*Lowy, B. "New records of mushroom stones from Guatemala." ''Mycologia'' 63: 983-993.
*MacDougall, Tómas. 1960. "''Ipomea'' [''sic''] ''tricolor'' a hallucenogenic [''sic''] plant of the Zapotecs." ''Boletín del Centro de Investigaciones Antropológicas de México'' 6: 6-8.
*McKenna, T. 1992. ''Food of the Gods''. Bantam Books, New York, NY.
*Molina, A. de. 1571. ''Vocabulario en Lengua Castellana y Mexicana''. Mexico.
*Mylonas, G.E. 1961. ''Eleusis and the Eleusinian Mysteries''. Princeton University Press, Princeton, NJ.
*Naranjo, Plutarco. 1969. "Etnofarmacología de las plantas psicotrópicas de América." ''Terapía'' 24: 5-63.
*Newton, Joseph F. 1914. ''The Builders''. Macoy Publishing, New York, NY.
*Ott, Jonathan. 1978. "A brief history of hallucinogenic mushrooms." In Ott, J., and J. Bigwood (Eds.) ''Teonanácatl: Hallucinogenic Mushrooms of North America''. Madrona Publishers, Seattle, WA. pp. 5-22.
*Ott, Jonathan. 1996. ''Pharmacotheon'' (2nd ed). Natural Product Co., Kennewick, WA.
*Parsons, E.C. 1936. ''Mitla - Town of the Souls''. University of Chicago Press: Chicago, IL.
*Ponce, Pedro. 1984. ''Brief Relation of the Gods and Rites of Heathenism''. In Alarcón, H.R. de, 1984: ''Treatise on the Heathen Superstitions That Today Live Among the Indians Native to This New Spain''. University of Oklahoma Press, London, England. Translated and edited by Andrews, Richard J. and Ross Hassig. Original in Spanish circa 1629.
*Pope, H.G. 1969. “''Tabernanthe iboga'': An African narcotic plant of social importance” ''Economic Botany'' 23(2): 174-184.
*Rätsch, Christian. 2005. ''Encyclopedia of Psychoactive Plants''. Park Street Press: Rochester, VT. Translated by John R. Baker with Annabel Lee and Cornelia Ballent. Foreword by Albert Hofmann. Originally published in German, 1998. AT Verlag Aarau / Switzerland.
*Reichel-Dolmatoff, Gerardo. 1978. "The loom of life: A Kogi principle of integration." ''Journal of Latin American Lore'' 4: 5-27.
*Reichel-Dolmatoff, Gerardo. 1987. "The Great Mother and the Kogi universe: A concise overview." ''Journal of Latin American Lore'' 13: 73-113.
*Reko, Blas Pablo. 1919. "De los nombres botánicos Aztecas." ''El Mexico Antiguo'' 1(5): 115-157.
*Reko, Blas Pablo. 1929. "Alcaloides y glucósidos en plantas mexicanas." ''Memorial de la Sociedad Alzate'' 49: 412.
*Reko, Blas Pablo. 1934. "Das mexikanische Rauschgift Ololiuhqui." ''El México Antiguo'' 3(3-4): 1-7.
*Reko, Blas Pablo. 1945. ''Mitobotánica Zapoteca''. Privately published, Tacubaya, Mexico.
*Ruck, C.A.P. 1978. "Solving the Eleusinian Mystery." In Wasson, Hofmann, and Ruck ''The Road to Eleusis: Unveiling the Secret of the Mysteries‎''. Harcourt Brace Jovanovich, New York, NY. pp. 12-18.
*Sahagún, B. de. 1950-1969. ''Florentine Codex''. University of Utah Press, Salt Lake City, UT.
*Sahagún, Bernardino de. 1982. ''Historia General de las Casas de Nueva España''. Editorial Porrúa, México City, Mexico.
*Schlieffer, H. (Ed.). 1979. ''Narcotic Plants of the Old World: An Anthology of Texts from Ancient Times to the Present''. Lubrecht & Cramer, Monticello, NY.
*Schultes, Richard Evans. 1941. ''A Contribution to Our Knowledge of ''Rivea corymbosa'', the Narcotic ololiuqui of the Aztecs''. Harvard Botanical Museum, Cambridge, MA.
*Schultes, R.E. 1939. "The identification of teonanacatl, a narcotic Basidiomycete of the Aztecs." ''Botanical Museum Leaflets'' Harvard University 7: 37-54.
*Serna, Jacinto de la. 1656. ''Manual de Ministros de Indios para el Conocimiento de sus Idolatrias y Extirpación de Ellas''. Mexico City, Mexico.
*Valdéz, Leander J. 1987. "Studies of [i]Salvia divinorum[/i] (Lamiaceae), an hallucinogenic mint from the Sierra Mazateca in Oaxaca, Central Mexico." ''Economic Botany'' 41(2): 283-291.
*Wasson, R. Gordon. 1963. "Notes on the present status of ololiuqui and the other hallucinogens of Mexico." ''Botanical Museum Leaflets'' Harvard University 20(6): 161-193.
*Wasson, R. G. 1978. "The Wasson Road to Eleusis." In Wasson, Hofmann, and Ruck ''The Road to Eleusis: Unveiling the Secret of the Mysteries‎''. Harcourt Brace Jovanovich, New York, NY. pp. 2-7.
*Wasson, R. Gordon. et al. 1974. ''María Sabina her Mazatec Mushroom Velada''. Harcourt Brace Jovanovich, New York, NY.
*Wasson, V.P., and R.G. Wasson. 1957. ''Mushrooms, Russia and History''. Pantheon Books, New York, NY.
*Weitlaner, Robert J. 1952. "Curaciones Mazatecas." ''Anales del Instituto Nacional de Antropología e Historia, México'' 4: 279-285.

</onlyinclude>

===== Research Notes =====
<onlyinclude>
[ ''Space reserved for notes from sources in the bibliography. Don't worry about organization; organizing a mess of notes is easy'' ]
</onlyinclude>

===== Books that have been suggested as useful =====

If you have one of these books, we'd appreciate if you could take very shorthand notes on the crucial details (mostly the where, what, and how) they provide on entheogen use in history

*Christian Rätsch - The Sacred Plants of our Ancestors ISBN 0-9720292-1-4
*Peter C. Rogers - Ultimate Truth, Book 1 ISBN 1438979681
*T. B. Roberts - Chemical Input—Religious Output: Entheogens
*T. B. Roberts (editor) - Psychoactive Sacramentals: Essays on Entheogens and Religion

History of Ethnobotanicals

2010-03-17T21:02:17Z

Entropymancer:

<noinclude>{{Nexus Activism Header|{{eBook}}}}</noinclude>
<onlyinclude>
===='''ii. [[History of Ethnobotanicals]]'''====

20-70 pages, [Evening Glory, Elpo, Bancopuma, SnozzleBerry, Entropymancer]
</onlyinclude>
The work on a thorough monograph concerning the history of ethnobotanical use has been started, see [http://dmt-nexus.com/forum/default.aspx?g=posts&t=9965 this thread]. The idea is to demonstrate the antiquity and pervasiveness of entheogen use and the integral role they played in the societies who used them. This monograph will be available in [[the Nexus eBook]].

Entropymancer will write the monograph with the help of the community. My thought is to divide it into two sections. The first will treat ancient use that we have archaeological of very old written records of; the second will treat the written records of the rediscovery of these ancient traditions by western cultures. A brief summary of relevant data on each plant that is mentioned will be included as an appendix.

===== The group consists of =====

'''Writer''': Entropymancer

'''Research''': Evening Glory, Elpo, SnozzleBerry, Entropymancer

'''Proofreading''': Bancopuma, SnozzleBerry

Please post in [http://dmt-nexus.com/forum/default.aspx?g=posts&t=9965 the mentioned forum thread] if you'd like to contribute! The more folks who help with the research, the quicker this thing will get written.

----

'''Nexus eBook Structure:'''

+ Antiquity

+ The Era of Rediscovery

+ Appendix I: The Ethnobotanicals

===== Chapter Content =====
<onlyinclude>
[ ''Space reserved for chapter's content'' ]
</onlyinclude>

===== Bibliography =====
<onlyinclude>
*Acosta, José de. 1604. ''The Natural and Moral History of the Indies''. Val. Sims, London. Translated by Edward Grimston. Original in Spanish, published 1590 in Seville.
*Aguirre Beltrán, Gonzalo. 1955. ''Medicina y Magica''.Mexico D.F., Mexico.
*Alarcón, Hernando Ruiz de. 1984. ''Treatise on the Heathen Superstitions That Today Live Among the Indians Native to This New Spain''. University of Oklahoma Press, London, England. Translated and edited by Andrews, Richard J. and Ross Hassig. Original in Spanish, 1629. Includes Pedro Ponce's ''Brief Relation of the Gods and Rites of Heathenism''.
*Baumgartner, Daniela. 1994. "Das Priesterwesen der Kogi." ''Yearbook for ethnomedicine and the study of consciousness'' 1994 (3): 171-198.
*Boone, E.A. ''Codex Magliabechiano and the lost prototype of the Magliabechiano group''. University of California Press, Berkeley, CA.
*Borhegyi, S.F. de. 1961. "Miniature mushroom stones from Guatemala." ''American Antiquity'' 26: 498-504.
*Borhegyi, S.F. de. 1963. "Pre-Columbian pottery mushrooms from Mesoamerica." ''American Antiquity'' 28: 328-338.
*Cardenas, Juan de. 1591. ''De los problemas y secretes maravillosos de las Indias''. Mexico.
*Caso, A. 1963. "Representaciones de hongos en los códices." ''Estudios de Cultura Nahuatl''. Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City.
*Clavijero, Francisco Xavier. 1807. ''The History of Mexico: collected from Spanish and Mexican historians, from manuscripts and ancient paintings of the indians, illustrated by charts, and other copper plates, to wich are added, critical dissertations on the land, the animals, and inhabitants of Mexico''. Joyce Gold, London, England. Original in Spanish, published 1780 as ''La Historia Antigua de México''. Translated by Charles Cullen.
*Durán, Diego. 1977. ''Book of the Gods and Rites and the Ancient Calendar''. Civilization of the American Indian series (Vol. 102). University of Oklahoma Press, Norman, OK. (Translated and edited by Fernando Horcasitas and Doris Heyden. Original in Spanish, 1574-1576)
*Durán, Diego. 1967. ''Historia de las Indias de Nueva España e Islas de la Tierra Firme''. Editorial Porrúa: México City.
*Fernandez, J.W. 1972. “''Tabernanthe iboga'': Narcotic ecstasis and the work of the ancestors” In: Furst, Peter T. (Ed.) ''Flesh of the Gods: The Ritual Use of Hallucinogens''. Praeger, New York, NY. pp. 237-260.
*Fernandez, J.W. 1982. ''Bwiti: An Ethnography of the Religious Imagination of Africa''. Princeton University Press, Princeton, NJ.
*Garza, Mercedes de la. 1990. ''Sueño y Allucinacíon en el Mundo Náhuatl y Maya''. Universidad Nac. Autónoma de México, Mexico City.
*Heim, R. 1967. ''Nouvelles Investigations sur les Champignons Hallucinogènes''. Éditions du Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle, Paris.
*Heim, R., and R.G. Wasson. 1958. ''Les Champignons Hallucinogènes du Mexique''. Éditions du Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle, Paris.
*Hernández, Francisco. 1651. ''Rerum Medicarum Novae Hispaniae Thesaurus, seu Plantarum, Animalium, Mineralium Mexicanorum Historia''. Rome.
*Hoffman, A. 1978. "A Challenging Question and My Answer." In Wasson, Hofmann, and Ruck ''The Road to Eleusis: Unveiling the Secret of the Mysteries‎''. Harcourt Brace Jovanovich, New York, NY. pp. 8-11.
*Johnson, Jean B. 1939a. "Some notes on the Mazatec." ''Revista Mexicana de Estudios Antropológicos'' 3: 142-156.
*Johnson, Jean B. 1939b. "The Elements of Mazatec Witchcraft." ''Etnologiska Studier'' 9: 128-150.
*Lascano, C. et al. 1967. "Estudios fitoquímico de la especie psicotomimética ''Ipomoea carnea''." ''Ciencias Naturales'' 9: 3.
*Lipp, Frank J. 1991. ''The Mixe of Oaxaca: Religion, Ritual and Healing''. University of Texas Press, Austin, TX.
*López-Austin, A. 1967. Terminos del Nahuallatolli. ''Historia Mexicana'' 17: 1-36
*Lowy, B. "New records of mushroom stones from Guatemala." ''Mycologia'' 63: 983-993.
*MacDougall, Tómas. 1960. "''Ipomea'' [''sic''] ''tricolor'' a hallucenogenic [''sic''] plant of the Zapotecs." ''Boletín del Centro de Investigaciones Antropológicas de México'' 6: 6-8.
*McKenna, T. 1992. ''Food of the Gods''. Bantam Books, New York, NY.
*Molina, A. de. 1571. ''Vocabulario en Lengua Castellana y Mexicana''. Mexico.
*Mylonas, G.E. 1961. ''Eleusis and the Eleusinian Mysteries''. Princeton University Press, Princeton, NJ.
*Naranjo, Plutarco. 1969. "Etnofarmacología de las plantas psicotrópicas de América." ''Terapía'' 24: 5-63.
*Newton, Joseph F. 1914. ''The Builders''. Macoy Publishing, New York, NY.
*Ott, Jonathan. 1978. "A brief history of hallucinogenic mushrooms." In Ott, J., and J. Bigwood (Eds.) ''Teonanácatl: Hallucinogenic Mushrooms of North America''. Madrona Publishers, Seattle, WA. pp. 5-22.
*Ott, Jonathan. 1996. ''Pharmacotheon'' (2nd ed). Natural Product Co., Kennewick, WA.
*Parsons, E.C. 1936. ''Mitla - Town of the Souls''. University of Chicago Press: Chicago, IL.
*Ponce, Pedro. 1984. ''Brief Relation of the Gods and Rites of Heathenism''. In Alarcón, H.R. de, 1984: ''Treatise on the Heathen Superstitions That Today Live Among the Indians Native to This New Spain''. University of Oklahoma Press, London, England. Translated and edited by Andrews, Richard J. and Ross Hassig. Original in Spanish circa 1629.
*Pope, H.G. 1969. “''Tabernanthe iboga'': An African narcotic plant of social importance” ''Economic Botany'' 23(2): 174-184.
*Rätsch, Christian. 2005. ''Encyclopedia of Psychoactive Plants''. Park Street Press: Rochester, VT. Translated by John R. Baker with Annabel Lee and Cornelia Ballent. Foreword by Albert Hofmann. Originally published in German, 1998. AT Verlag Aarau / Switzerland.
*Reichel-Dolmatoff, Gerardo. 1978. "The loom of life: A Kogi principle of integration." ''Journal of Latin American Lore'' 4: 5-27.
*Reichel-Dolmatoff, Gerardo. 1987. "The Great Mother and the Kogi universe: A concise overview." ''Journal of Latin American Lore'' 13: 73-113.
*Reko, Blas Pablo. 1919. "De los nombres botánicos Aztecas." ''El Mexico Antiguo'' 1(5): 115-157.
*Reko, Blas Pablo. 1929. "Alcaloides y glucósidos en plantas mexicanas." ''Memorial de la Sociedad Alzate'' 49: 412.
*Reko, Blas Pablo. 1934. "Das mexikanische Rauschgift Ololiuhqui." ''El México Antiguo'' 3(3-4): 1-7.
*Reko, Blas Pablo. 1945. ''Mitobotánica Zapoteca''. Privately published, Tacubaya, Mexico.
*Ruck, C.A.P. 1978. "Solving the Eleusinian Mystery." In Wasson, Hofmann, and Ruck ''The Road to Eleusis: Unveiling the Secret of the Mysteries‎''. Harcourt Brace Jovanovich, New York, NY. pp. 12-18.
*Sahagún, B. de. 1950-1969. ''Florentine Codex''. University of Utah Press, Salt Lake City, UT.
*Sahagún, Bernardino de. 1982. ''Historia General de las Casas de Nueva España''. Editorial Porrúa, México City, Mexico.
*Schlieffer, H. (Ed.). 1979. ''Narcotic Plants of the Old World: An Anthology of Texts from Ancient Times to the Present''. Lubrecht & Cramer, Monticello, NY.
*Schultes, Richard Evans. 1941. ''A Contribution to Our Knowledge of ''Rivea corymbosa'', the Narcotic ololiuqui of the Aztecs''. Harvard Botanical Museum, Cambridge, MA.
*Schultes, R.E. 1939. "The identification of teonanacatl, a narcotic Basidiomycete of the Aztecs." ''Botanical Museum Leaflets'' Harvard University 7: 37-54.
*Serna, Jacinto de la. 1656. ''Manual de Ministros de Indios para el Conocimiento de sus Idolatrias y Extirpación de Ellas''. Mexico City, Mexico.
*Valdéz, Leander J. 1987. "Studies of [i]Salvia divinorum[/i] (Lamiaceae), an hallucinogenic mint from the Sierra Mazateca in Oaxaca, Central Mexico." ''Economic Botany'' 41(2): 283-291.
*Wasson, R. Gordon. 1963. "Notes on the present status of ololiuqui and the other hallucinogens of Mexico." ''Botanical Museum Leaflets'' Harvard University 20(6): 161-193.
*Wasson, R. G. 1978. "The Wasson Road to Eleusis." In Wasson, Hofmann, and Ruck ''The Road to Eleusis: Unveiling the Secret of the Mysteries‎''. Harcourt Brace Jovanovich, New York, NY. pp. 2-7.
*Wasson, R. Gordon. et al. 1974. ''María Sabina her Mazatec Mushroom Velada''. Harcourt Brace Jovanovich, New York, NY.
*Wasson, V.P., and R.G. Wasson. 1957. ''Mushrooms, Russia and History''. Pantheon Books, New York, NY.
*Weitlaner, Robert J. 1952. "Curaciones Mazatecas." ''Anales del Instituto Nacional de Antropología e Historia, México'' 4: 279-285.

</onlyinclude>

===== Research Notes =====
<onlyinclude>
[ ''Space reserved for notes from sources in the bibliography. Don't worry about organization; organizing a mess of notes is easy'' ]
</onlyinclude>

===== Books that have been suggested as useful =====

If you have one of these books, we'd appreciate if you could take very shorthand notes on the crucial details (mostly the where, what, and how) they provide on entheogen use in history

*Christian Rätsch - The Sacred Plants of our Ancestors ISBN 0-9720292-1-4
*Peter C. Rogers - Ultimate Truth, Book 1 ISBN 1438979681
*T. B. Roberts - Chemical Input—Religious Output: Entheogens
*T. B. Roberts (editor) - Psychoactive Sacramentals: Essays on Entheogens and Religion

History of Ethnobotanicals

2010-03-17T07:02:05Z